Question

1. Name and describe 2 complications of a bone fracture
2. Besides pulmonary hygiene, name 3 nursing priorities for an immediate post-operative patient that had corrective surgery for scoliosis
3. When assessing neurovascular status, describe how circulation, movement, and sensation (CMS) is assessed in a patient with a casted limb
4. Name and describe 4 signs of Duchenne muscular Dystrophy (DMD)
5. Describe 4 complications related to myelomeningocele (spina bifida)

Answer 1

1)Name and describe two complications of bone fracture

.Fracture blisters

These are relatively uncommon complicationsof fractures in areas where skin adheres tightly to bone with little intervening soft tissue cushioning.

.Bleeding

This is a common complication of open fractures where there is a break in the skin.

2)Nursing priorities

.circulation and Ambulation

Changing position in bed,walking and prescribed exercises promotes circulation

.Thirst and nourishment

Some patients experience nausea and vomiting after surgery.therefore patients may only be allowed ice chips sips of water or clear liquids the first day or two

.surgical incisions

Patients should expect pain in the area of the incision.pain will subside as healing progresses

3)Name and describe four signs of duchenne muscular dystrophy.

.pain and sensation

The muscle deterioration in DMD is not usually painful in itself .some people report muscle cramps at times these usually can be treated with over the counter pain relievers.

.The heart

Lack of dystrophin can weaken the muscle layer in the heart resulting in a condition called cardiomyopathy

. Respiratory function

Serial monitoring of breathing capacity should start at age of 5 or 6 .the diaphragm and other muscles that operate the lungs may weaken .making the lungs less effective at moving air in and out

.learning

About a third of boys with DMD have some degree of learning disability although few have serious cognitive disability

.scoliosis

.shortness of breath

.sleepiness

4)4 complication of meningocele

.Traumatic birth and difficult delivery of the baby

.frequent urinary tract infections

.loss of bowel or bladder control

.Brain infection

. permanent weakness or paralysis of legs