Question

Please complete entire table:

Muscles of the pelvis and lower limbs:

Muscle	Origin/Insertion	Primary Action
Gluteus maximus	O: Ileum, sacrum, and coccyx I: IT band and femur	Hip extension
Sartorius
Hamstrings (group) -Biceps femoris -Semimembranosus -Semitendinosus
Quadriceps muscles (group) -Rectus femoris -Vastus lateralis -Vastus medialis -Vastis intermedius
Gastrocnemius *Achilles tendon
Soleus *Achilles tendon
Tibialis anterior

Answer 1

Muscle	Origin/ insertion	Primary Action
Sartorius - strap like muscle coursing across the cranio-medial surface of the thigh to the stifle	Origin - it arises by two close origins. the cranial portion arises by the tendon of the psoas minor and iliac fascia and the caudal form the body of the ileum. Insertion - aponeuotic to the proximal medial surface of the tibia and to medial patellar ligament.	To flex the hip joint and adduct the limb
biceps femoris	Origin - sacral spine, sacro-tuberal ligament, ischium and tuber ischii and gluteal fascia. Insertion - by a strong tendon cranially to the lateral patellar ligament, to the fascia latae and rural fascia, [atella and cranial border of tibia.	to extend knee joint, hip and ankle. to abduct the limb
semimembranosus - long thick fleshy muscle	Origin - the ventral surface of the ischiatic tuber and the ventral surface of the ischium and the pelvic symphysis. Insertion - divided into 2 part. (a) cranial part to the medial epicondyle of the femur (b) caudal part to the medial articular margin of the tibia.	To extend the hip joint and adduct the limb
semitendinosus	Origin - Caudo-ventral surface of the ischiatic tuber, near the origin of gluteobiceps. Insertion - by flat aponeurotic tendon to the cranial border of tibia and to the fascia surrounding the tendons of the gastrocnemius and superficial digital flexor	to extend the hip and flex the knee joint and rotate the leg medially
rectus femoris	Origin- prominent tendons from the os coxae proximally, cranial to the acetabulum and a tendon on the ventral aspect of the ilium. Insertion - the base and cranial surface of the patella	extends the knee joint and flexes the hip
vastus medialis	Origin - tendinous from the neck of femur, from the middle of the caudal surface of the femur. Insertion - the caudo medial surface of the patella and the medial patellar ligament	To extend the knee joint
vastus lateralis	Origin - the lateral surface of the greater trochanter and caudolateral face of the femur Insertion - the lateral edge of the patella and the lateral patellar ligament.	it acts along with vastus medialis to extend the knee joint
vastus intermedius	Origin - extensive from all surfaces of the femur except caudal. Insertion - on either side of base and cranial surface of patella including femoropatellar ligaments	extends the knee joint
gastrocnemius	Origin - lateral head- the lateral supracondyloid tuberosity and the cranial border of the lateral epicondyle of the femur. medial head - distal most portion of the medial supracondyloid tuberosity and the medial epicondyle of the femur. Insertion - by very strong tendons to the calcaneus tuber	to flex the knee joint
soleus	Origin- lateral surfaces of the head of the fibula. Insertion - the tendons of insertions of the lateral head of the gastrocnemius or in the common calcaneal tendon	to assist the gastrocnemius in extending the angle of foot.
Tibialis anterior	Origin - arising from 2/33rds of lateral surface of the tibia Insertion - inserted to the 1st metatarsal and medial cuneiform of the foot	help in flexion of the foot