How can you use the Hydrogen 21-cm line transition to measure the rotation curve of a...

How can you use the Hydrogen 21-cm line transition to measure the rotation curve of a galaxy?

Expert Solution

Measurement of Galactic Rotation Curve

Objective:

The 21cm line produced by neutral hydrogen in interstellar space provides radio astronomers with a very useful probe for studying the differential rotation of spiral galaxies. By observing hydrogen lines at different points along the Galactic plane one can show that the angular velocity increases as you look at points closer to the Galactic center. The purpose of this experiment is to create a rotational curve for the Milky Way Galaxy using 21-cm spectral lines observed with a small radio telescope. The sample observations for this experiment will be made using the small radio telescope located at the Haystack Observatory. The rotational curve will be created by plotting the maximum velocity observed along each line of sight versus the distance of this point from the Galactic center.

Introduction:

The 21-cm line of neutral hydrogen

Hydrogen is the most abundant element in the cosmos; it makes up 80% of the universe

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