Question

This is an introduction to psychology

Describe the three main parts of the brain and what their functions are. Why is the transition from adolescence to adulthood especially challenging? Discuss the role you think the brain plays in this transition. Why are we more aware of some sensations than others? In general, how do people construct their perceptions? What is an altered state of consciousness? How is sleep an example of an altered state of consciousness. Be specific and be sure to support your answer with sources you cite in the body of your answer and include in a reference list at the bottom of your post using APA format.

Answer 1

The Brain consist of 3 parts .

1. The forebrain
2. The Midbrain
3. The hindbrain

The main function of Forebrain :The forebrain is the largest part of the brain, which consists of thalamus ,hypothalamus and the limbic system.

The Forebrain processes information related to cognitive activities, sensorial and associative and voluntary motor activites .

The cerebral hemispheres make up the uppermost portion of the brain and are involved in sensory integration, control of voluntary movement, and higher intellectual functions, such as speech and abstract thought.The thalamus is the main relay center between the medulla oblongata and the cerebrum.

the hypothalamus is an important for sex drive, pleasure, pain, hunger, thirst, blood pressure, body temperature, and other visceral functions.

Functions of midbrain :

The midbrain s important functions is motor movement, particularly movements of the eye, and in auditory and visual processing.

Function of Hindbrain:

It consists of medulla, the pons, and cerebellum.

Medulla:The medulla oblongata helps in breathing, heart and blood vessel function, digestion, sneezing, and swallowing. This part of the brain is a center for respiration and circulation. Sensory and motor neurons (nerve cells) from the forebrain and midbrain travel through the medulla.

Pons:The pons contains nuclei signals which travel from the forebrain to the cerebellum, along with nuclei that is responsible with sleep, respiration, swallowing, bladder control, hearing, equilibrium, taste, eye movement, facial expressions, facial sensation, and posture.

The cerebellum receives information from the sensory systems, the spinal cord, and other parts of the brain and then regulates motor movements.

Thecerebellum coordinates voluntary movements such as posture, balance, coordination, and speech, resulting in balanced muscular activity.

Transition from adolescence to an adult plays a major role in a life of an individual . It is extremly important to follow positive advises and the power of decision making plays a important role . It is changelling because it involves lot of adjustments and thinking capabilities of an individual must also be considered .

The role of parents, Peers and society plays a very vital role .

The parents have to direct thier adolescence child in a positive way and ned to take necessary and right action in order to help the child pass the stage sucessfully , failing to this may cause ill effects on the child s life as this is a crucial stage of transition .

Peers and society also play a vital role in the childs transition stage . However the child spends 60percentage of the days time with the peers and the envirnment they live in . Hence the peers and the society have to influence and have a positive impact on the child .

Failing to these directions the child might get into drugs , substance abuse etc. which would cause major issues in one s life .

Role of brain :Adolescence undergo a change both physical and psychological development between childhood and adulthood.which includes alterations in hormone levels and a number of physical changes. Puberty onset is also associated with changes in drives, motivations, psychology, and social life; these changes continue throughout adolescence.

According to the research, An increasing number of neuro imaging studies looking at the development of the brain, both structurally and functionally, during adolescence. Almost all of these studies have defined development by chronological age, which shows a strong-but not unitary-correlation with pubertal stage. Very few neuroimaging studies have associated brain development with pubertal stage, and yet there is tentative evidence to suggest that puberty might play an important role in some aspects of brain and cognitive development.

sensation is a physical felling . some of them will have higher senses compared to others . sensation is felt and experienced by the environment around us . we respond to stimulus through our nerve recieptors and percieve things around us .

how do people construct their perceptions: Human construct perceptive through the sense organs .

We have five sense organs which are :

1. Visual Sense(Eye): it is a sense were we can see things around us to construct perception .
2. auditory senses(Ear): It is a sense through which we use our auditory impulses to percieve the things around us .
3. Gustation (tongue): it is a sense through which we percieve environment through taste
4. olfactory(nose): it is a sense through which we percieve environment through smell.
5. somatosensory(skin): is a sensation through which the world around us is percieved based of touch .

Altered state of conciousness :is a state of mind which is different from the normal state of mind . altered state of consciousness can come about accidentally through indigestion, fever, sleep deprivation, starvation, oxygen deprivation, nitrogen narcosis (deep diving), or a traumatic accident.

Naturally occurring altered states of consciousness include dreams, lucid dreams, euphoria, ecstasy, psychosis as well as out-of-body experiences, .

Sleep is one of the example for altered state of conciousness is because we are not concious about things around us when we ae sleeping.Hence it would not be our normal state of mind. Hence the conciousness of an individual is been altered . Hence sleep is one of the example for altred state of mind.