Question

Explain what cells do (identify the role of an example cell, tissue, organ, system)

Classify cells based on their functions, size and shapes;

Sketch a cell, with key structural and functional specialisations noted;

Provide representative exemplar cells of the nervous and endocrine systems and relate their functional role to their morphological and subcellular specialisations;

Describe the structure and function of cell components and organelles; e.g. the cell membrane, cytoskeleton, the nucleus, mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi complex, ribosomes, etc.;

Define and classify tissue types and their functions (epithelial, connective, muscle and nervous tissues);

Provide examples of cells contained within tissues, how these are arranged into organs and systems (particularly in the context of the nervous and endocrine system).

Answer 1

Answer= what cells do i.e.the role of cells

Many different types of cells including lots of cells that are specialized to perform specific functions

e.g. neurons are nerve cells whose function is to transmit tiny electrical pulses around an animals nervous system.

in case of single cell organism the function of cell must include all the actions necessary to support all the characteristics of life-including moving,eating,growing,secreting and reproduction.

1] Transport processes= biochemical particles such as ions and molecules need to travel through the structures e.g.tissues of organisms to reach the locations where they are needed.such a structures composed of cells.there are various types of transport mechanisms:

for example- the functions of cell membranes include enabling transport of various substances via the selective permeability of the plasma membrane,by active transport and by exocytosis and endocytosis.

plant cell wall enable water and some solutes to travel via the apoplast system-along their apoplastic pathways or symplastic pathways.

2] Metabolism = all cells perform chemical reactions i.e.metabolic processes.

in general the functions of these cells are:

- making biochemical macromolecules.

- degrading unwanted molecules.

-converting food /energy sources into sugars.

-trapping or releasing energy.

3] Motility- different cells have different motility.

prokaryotic cell move by rotating a rigid fllagelum.

eukaryotic cells e.g.plant and animal cells move by the actions of flexible cilia or flagella.

4] Reproduction = Transmission of genetic material from one generation to the next occurs via cell division.