Question

1 Define what a neuron is and explain the main parts of a neuron?

A. Cell body:

B.Dendrites:

C.Axon:

D.Myelin:.

2 What is an action potential?

3 What is the Corpus Callosum? Why might a surgeon cut the corpus callosum in an individual?

4 What is Neural/Brain Plasticity? What is an example of something that can influence neurogenesis? (1.5pts)

5 How does experience modify genetic activity (Epigenetics)? Provide an example.

6 Describe the cause of color-blindness or color vision deficiency.

7 Compare and contrast (explain similarities and differences between) bottom-up and top-down processes..

8 What chemical does your body release in response to pain and pleasure? What drug acts similar to this chemical (binds to the same receptors)? (This question involves information from chapter three and four)

9 Describe the olfactory pathway of how we smell stimuli.

Answer 1

A neuron is a specialised cell that receives and transmits information across the nervous system. Neurons carry messages throughout the body, including sensory information from external stimuli and signals from the brain to different muscle groups in the body. A neuron comprises of the following parts:

A. Cell body: The cell body or the soma comprises of the nucleus and plays an important role to maintain the cell and keep the neuron functional.

B.Dendrites: Dendrites are treelike extensions stemming from the cell body that help increase its surface area. They receive information from other neurons and transmit electrical stimulation to the cell body.

C.Axon: The axon is an elongated fiber that extends from the cell body to the terminal endings of the neuron and transmits the neural signal to the next neuron.

D.Myelin: The myelin is a fatty substance that surrounds the neurons to protect the axon and aids in the speed of transmission. Only some axons are covered with myelin.

Please post the other questions separately as we are supposed to answer just one question or four sub parts of a question.