Question

What are the different steps the microbes cause diseases and three main/general microbial control methods employed?'

Answer 1

Steps how the microbes cause diseases:-

The microbes cause disease by transmission. transmission is the process in which infectious agent leaves its host and travel through any mode and enters the susceptible host.

• Direct method- This includes contact of people with the infected pathogen, direct contact with soil or plant.
• Indirect method- In this pathogen travels to a host. it includes- airbone, vector borne, vehicle borne.

First step of disease is when pathogens invade the body and begin to multipy.

The three microbial control methods are:-

1. Heat- It is the most common way to control themicrobes. heat kills microbes by altering their membranes and denaturing the proteins.all the microbes respond differnently to high temperatures. Example- C.botulinum are heat tolerant microbes.

2. Pasteurization- This method is used to kill the microbes or reduces the number of spoilage-causing microbes while maintaining the food quality. There are two types of pasteurization, High temperature short time (HTST) temperature for this is 72 degree C for 15min and Ultra high temperature (UHT) 138 degree C for 2 or more seconds.

3. Freezing- High temperatures are effective for controling the growth microbes such as exposing with low temperature can also an effective measure for controlling the growth. -2 degree may stop microbial growth and even kill the microbes.