Question

1.     Which of the following would you expect to dissolve in water? Explain your decision.

a.     Butylamine

b.     Cyclohexylamine

c.     Aniline

2.     Describe the process of converting a water-insoluble amine into a water-soluble substance.

3.     Write an equation for the reaction of tert-butylamine with benzenesulfonyl chloride. Is the product soluble in NaOH? Explain.

Answer 1

Intermolecular forces:

Intermolecular forces are the forces that act between one molecule to other molecule as attraction. These are mainly three types:

1. Dipole-dipole interaction
2. Hydrogen bond
3. London force.

Dipole-dipole interaction:

This type of interaction forces is found between polar molecules. The strength of this force is increasing with increasing polarity of molecules.

Hydrogen bond:

Generally hydrogen bond is found in those molecules which have covalently hydrogen atom bonded with high electronegative atoms like oxygen, nitrogen and fluorine.

London force:

London force is an intermolecular force which occurs between an atoms or molecules which are polar or non-polar and another atom or molecule which are polar or non-polar. Hence it occurs between all molecules or atoms.

1.     Which of the following would you expect to dissolve in water? Explain your decision.

a.     Butylamine

it is water soluble the small amines of all types means primary, secondary and tertiary are water soluble due to hydrogen bond formation

b.     Cyclohexylamine

it is water insoluble due to large carbon chain which brakes H –bond between amine and water.

c.     Aniline

it is water insoluble due to large carbon chain of aromatic which brakes H –bond between amine and water.