Question

2. Nephrons! In details describe how blood enters the glomerulus (found inside the Renal Corpusle/Bowman's Capsule), the process of blood filtration and purification, including electrolyte balance through re-absorption of molecules and elements leading to formation of liquid waste (urine).

Answer 1

Nephron is the microscopic structural and functional unit of kidney.it contains two parts that is renal corpusle and renal tubule.Renal corpuscle contains tuft of capillaries called glomerulus and Bowman's capsule.Renal tubule is an extension of capsule.Blood you enters the capillaries of glomerulus by afferent arteriole and leaves by efferent arteriole.After passing the blood through afferent arteriole the filtered blood enters into vasa recta.

Glomerlular filteration.

Filteration takes place in the glomerulus .water and solutes smaller than proteins are passes through vthe capillaries and through the pores of glomerlular capsule enters into the renal tubule

Tubular reabsorption

Water ,amino acids ,glucose and electrolytes like ions are transported out of the filterate into the tubule cells and then moves into the capillaries.In this tubular reabsorption required substances and electrolytes are absorbed.

Tubular secretion

The unwanted material and ions like H+ and k+ and substances like creatinine and drugs are removed from peritubular blood and secreted by the tubule cells into the filterate.Finally the unwanted material is formed and again water conservation takes place and concentrated urine is formed.