Question

Use this scenario to answer questions below.

The Collins Research Crew (CRC) is interested in examining the number of vape/smoking stores (i.e. stores that sell vaping and cigarette/cigar smoking products) in low-income neighborhoods compared to other types of neighborhoods. CRC's research question is, "Do low-income neighborhoods have more vape/smoke shops than other types of neighborhoods?" Low-income neighborhoods were defined as those where the median household income is less than the U.S. federal poverty line. Non-low-income neighborhoods are those that the median household income is greater than the U.S. federal poverty line.

CRC employed a team of undergraduate researchers to go out and count the number of vape/smoke shops in a random selection of low-income and non-low-income neighborhoods. They define the population as all neighborhoods in King County.

They found a significant difference in the number of vape/smoke shops across neighborhoods. Specifically, low-income neighborhoods had a greater number of vape/smoke shops compared to non-low-income neighborhoods.

1. Using an independent samples t-test, CRC compared his sample values of ____________ against the average of non-low-income neighborhoods.

A. Average number of vape/smoke shops in low-income neighborhood

B, Average budget for vape/smoke products spent on average per household

C. Likelihood of people vaping/smoking in low-income neighborhoods

D. Number of households within each neighborhood

2. Match the variables in the scenario above with the appropriate level of measurement.

Neighborhood type (i.e. Low-Income vs. Non-low-income neighborhoods)

      [ Choose ]            Ordinal            Interval/Ratio            Nominal      

Number of vape/smoke shops

      [ Choose ]            Ordinal            Interval/Ratio            Nominal      

3. A one-sample z-test examines the value of the sample average on some dependent variable (in the scenario above, number of vape/smoke shops) against the population average of the same variable.

True OR False

Answer 1

Solution

Q1. For an independent samples t-test, the hypotheses are:

Null: H₀: µ1 = µ2 Vs Alternative: H_A: µ1 ≠ µ2

In the given scenario,

µ1 = the mean number of vape/smoking stores in low-income neighborhoods and

µ2 = the mean number of vape/smoking stores in non-low-income neighbourhoods.

Thus, CRC compared his sample values of average of low-income neighbourhoods against the average of non-low-income neighborhoods. Option A Answer 1

Q2.

Neighborhood type categorizes neighborhoods into Low-Income vs. Non-low-income.

So, it is Nominal Answer 2

Number of vape/smoke shops is a countable variable. Hence it is Interval/Ratio type. Answer 3   

Q3.

For a one-sample z-test, the hypotheses are:

Null: H₀: µ = µ₀ Vs Alternative: H_A: µ ≠ µ₀

In the given scenario,

µ = the mean of the number of vape/smoking stores in low-income neighborhoods and

µ₀ = the population average of the same variable.

Thus, the given statement is True. Answer 4

DONE