Question

break down of the system in sub system?

when we are adding spring and damper in series and parallel in second order system

Answer 1

Ans a.) In system design the first step for all except the smallest applications is to break the system into subsystems. In a subsystems classes share common properties, have similar functionality, have the same physical location, or execute on the same hardware. A subsystem is a package of classes, associations, operations, events and constraints that are interrelated and have a reasonably well defined interface to the rest of the system. The interface specifies all interactions with the subsystem to allow independent subsystem design. Relationships between subsystems may be client supplier or per to per. A system may be broken into layers and partitions. Layers define an abstract world and work like a client of services for layers below and as a supplier of services for layers above it. Layers may be of opened or closed architecture. In opened architecture a layer knows of all layers below it and in closed architecture a layer only knows about the immediate lower layer. Layers do not know of layer above them. Partitions vertically divide systems into independent or weakly coupled subsystems. Each partition provides a particular service. Simple system architectures as pipelines and stars are used to reduce the complexity of the system.

Ans b.) springs in parallel

Let two springs with spring constant k1 and k2 are connected in parallel, then resultant spring cont k will be equal to sum of both that is k = k1+k2

springs in Series

Let two springs with spring constant k1 and k2 are connected in series, then resultant spring cont k will be equal to

(1/k)= (1/k1)+(1/k2)

the same results follows for dampers if we add themin series an parallel