Question

THIS PROBLEM HAS 3 PARTS, PLEASE ONLY ANSWER PART 2 DESCRIBING THE STEPS OF GETTING THE ANSWERS CLEARLY. AND THEN EXPLAIN WHAT THESE RESULTS MEAN IN DETAIL.

For this activity, you have been hired as a team of consultants on a multi-year basis for a global washer and dryer manufacturer. They currently offer two core washer and dryer sets: a high-end model and an economic model. You are tasked to complete several calculations and present your findings to the company stakeholders.

1. For your first assignment, management has provided the following revenue and cost information:

	High-End Set		Economical Set
Sales price	$3,500	per unit	$1,000	per unit
Labor	$875	per unit	$250	per unit
Materials	$1400	per unit	$300	per unit
Direct fixed costs	$25,000	per month	$16,500	per month
Allocated fixed costs	$85,000	per month	$85,000	per month

They want a better understanding of their business to make budgeting and sales goals decisions and have asked you to determine their:

1. Break-even quantities for each product line
2. Break-even quantities to earn $500,000 per year margin on the high-end line (at the current sales price)
3. Break-even quantities to earn $300,000 per year margin on the economical line (at the current sales price)

They expect the product lines to fully absorb the costs allocated to them.

Once you have determined these amounts, they have asked that you:

• present the information
• describe how you performed your calculations
• and explain what the results mean

2. Later, the company is considering the purchase of machinery and equipment to set up a line to produce a combination washer-dryer. They have given you the following information to analyze the project on a 5-year timeline:

• Initial cash outlay is $150,000, no residual value.
• Sales price is expected to be $2,250 per unit, with $595 per unit in labor expense and $795 per unit in materials.
• Direct fixed costs are estimated to run $20,750 per month.
• Cost of capital is 8%, and the required rate of return is 10%.
• They will incur all operational costs in Year 1, though sales are expected to be 55% of break-even.
• Break-even (considering only direct fixed costs) is expected to occur in Year 2.
• Variable costs will increase 2% each year, starting in Year 3.
• Sales are estimated to grow by 10%, 15%, and 20% for years 3 - 5.

They have asked you to calculate:

• The product’s contribution margin
• Break-even quantity
• NPV
• IRR

Once you have determined these amounts, they have asked that you present the information, describe how you performed your calculations, and explain what the results mean.

After you have completed the calculations and presented your work, management makes the investment.

• Explain how the project analyses do or do not support this decision.
• In either case, what are the factors that should have been considered in management’s decision?

3.  After the combo washer-dryer has been in production for a few years, you are asked to perform another analysis. You must evaluate the performance of all three product lines as management is concerned with the viability of the washer-dryer combination product. They provide you with the latest annual information by product:

	High-End Set	Economical Set	W/D Combo	Total
Sales	$4,700,000	$4,060,000	$880,000	$9,640,000
Labor	$(1,250,000)	$(1,015,000)	$(235,000)	$(2,500,000)
Materials	$(1,885,000)	$(1,220,000)	$(315,000)	$(3,420,000)
Direct fixed costs	$(325,000)	$(220,000)	$(250,000)	$(795,000)
Allocated fixed costs	$(650,000)	$(650,000)	$(650,000)	$(1,950,000)
Net Income	$590,000	$955,000	$(570,000)	$975,000

You are asked to perform an analysis to determine whether to drop or keep the washer-dryer combination product and present your findings, including the steps taken to make your determination. You are also asked to evaluate if the costing methodology is appropriate and, if not, recommend alternative methods.

Please describe the circumstances of the case study and make the required recommendations. Explain your approaches to the problems, perform relevant calculations and analyses, and justify your recommendations. Evaluate the results and explain what each calculated value means. Ensure your work and conclusions are thoroughly supported.

Superior presentations will:

• Describe the circumstances.
• Perform all calculations correctly.
• Articulate how the calculations were performed.
• Evaluate the computations and explain their meanings.
• Make recommendations, supported by well-thought-out rationale and considering various factors that could impact the recommendations.

Answer 1

Ans
1	Contribution margin
	Sales Price	$              2,250
	Less:
	Labor Exp	$               (595)
	Material exp	$               (795)
	Total Variable Cost	$            (1,390)
	Contribution	$                  860
	Contribution margin (contribution/sale)	38.22%
2	Break-even quantity
	Sales Price	$              2,250
	Less:
	Labor Exp	$               (595)
	Material exp	$               (795)
	Contribution	$                  860
	Fixed Cost ($20750*12)	$        2,49,000
	Break-even quantity per year (fixed cost/contribution)	290

3	NPV	Year 1	Year 2	Year 3	Year 4	Year 5
		55%of BEP	BEP	290+10%	(290+10%)+15%	{(290+10%)+15%}+20%
		55%of 290	290
	Units	159	290	318	367	440
	Sales price per unit	$              2,250	$        2,250	$        2,250	$                 2,250	$                                2,250
	Less:
	Variable Cost per unit (2%increase from 3rd year)	$              1,390	$        1,390	$ 1,417.80	$           1,446.16	$                          1,475.08
	Contribution per unit	$                  860	$           860	$           832	$                     804	$                                   775
	Total Contribution (contribution * units)	$        1,36,740	$ 2,49,000	$ 2,65,046	$           2,95,011	$                          3,40,965
	Fixed Cost ($20750*12)	$        2,49,000	$ 2,49,000	$ 2,49,000	$           2,49,000	$                          2,49,000
	Profit /(loss)	$      (1,12,260)	$               -	$     16,046	$               46,011	$                             91,965
	Initial outlay	$      (1,50,000)	0	0	0	0
	Net cash Outlay	$      (2,62,260)	$               -	$     16,046	$               46,011	$                             91,965
	Hence present value in 5 year	$      (1,08,238)
	Management should not go for this idea being a negative NPV resulting in loss