Question

Identify at least three different qualitative data collection instruments (e.g. in-depth interviews, focus groups, etc.) and how they can be used in a study.

Answer 1

Qualitative Data collection instruments:

Let us talk about the following three methods-

1. In-depth interviews

2. Document Analysis

3. Focus Group Discussions

In-depth Interviews:

Used to extract opinions, experiences and beliefs from the subject

The researcher prepares a list of topics to be touched upon during the interview that help in giving insights into the study at hand. The experience is enhanced by developing a rapport with the interviewee.

Document Analysis:

Involves the use of articles, research reports, books, government data and medical records

The advantage with this method is it saves a lot of time as the researcher need not have to start from the scratch but can use the data that fits the study and fills the gaps

Focus Group Discussions:  

A group of (7-12) people sit and discuss about the research topic the researcher wants insights on.

This way, he will be able to gauge the thought process and ideation of the subjects and develop insights accordingly.

Selection of the participants and topic is the biggest challenge in this process.

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