Question

Input/Circle correct answer where applicable.

a) The main class of enzymes that digest proteins are known as_______________. Endopeptidases causes bonds to break in the middle/end of peptides. Exopeptidases are important for cleaving off the terminal amino acids. For C-terminal amino acids _________-peptidases will be used while _________ -peptidases will cleave N-terminal amino acids. Examples of such enzymes are pepsin, which requires an alkaline/acidic environment in the _______________ in order to be functional, and _______________, found in pancreatic secretions, which requires an _______________ environment.

b) Ghrelin is an (orexigenic/anorexigenic) hormone. Its levels in the blood are (increased/decreased) during times of fasting or hypoglycemia and (increased/decreased) when blood glucose and amino acid levels are high. Ghrelin acts at the level of the stomach to (increase/decrease) gastric acid release and motility. With regards to its functions on food intake, the hormone that works as part of the “antagonistic pair” with ghrelin is _________.

c) Carbohydrate digestion mainly occurs in the ______________ and _______________ whereas protein/peptide digestion mainly occurs in the ______________ and ______________.

Answer 1

a) The main class of enzymes that digest proteins are known as Proteolytic enzymes (pepsin, trypsin, chymotrypsin and carboxypeptidase). Endopeptidases causes bonds to break in the middle of peptides. Exopeptidases are important for cleaving off the terminal amino acids. For C-terminal amino acids carboxy-peptidases will be used while amino-peptidases will cleave N-terminal amino acids. Examples of such enzymes are pepsin, which requires an acidic environment in the stomach in order to be functional, and proteases, found in pancreatic secretions, which requires an alkaline environment.

b) Ghrelin is an orexigenic hormone. Its levels in the blood are increased during times of fasting or hypoglycemia and decreased when blood glucose and amino acid levels are high. Ghrelin acts at the level of the stomach to increase gastric acid release and motility. With regards to its functions on food intake, the hormone that works as part of the “antagonistic pair” with ghrelin is Liver Enriched Antimicrobial Peptide 2.

c) Carbohydrate digestion mainly occurs in the mouth and small intestine whereas protein/peptide digestion mainly occurs in the stomach and duodenum.

The blanks have been filled and highlighted as bold The input/Circle correct answer have colored blue

Note:

Liver Enriched Antimicrobial Peptide 2 (LEAP 2) region exhibits inverse agonist activity toward the ghrelin receptor. The N-terminal region of LEAP2 is able to inhibit ghrelin-induced food intake.