Question

Compare and contrast, with examples, the experience-independent and experience-dependent neural development. Please answer this question in one full paragraph in more detail

Answer 1

Compare and contrast, with examples, the experience-independent and experience-dependent neural development. Please answer this question in one full paragraph in more detail

Developmental plasticity is an important proccess in brain and neuronal development. Four special features of developmental plasticity are:

• Cell that line the subventricular zone of the lateral ventricles and cells in the hilus of the dentate gyrus.
• Three types of plasticity are: experience independent, experience-expectant, and experience-dependent.
• The speed of the dendrites esecially the modification of dendritic spines and the process of deletion synapses which occur in a minute in response to experience.
• Presenc eof critical period which is needed for experience-expectant plasticity.

Let's see the second feature in detail about typesof palsticity.

Experience-independent plasticity is the result of facts arises for genome that could be altered by both internal and external events through the appoximate connectivity. The connections are increased via the neurons that are together and those that are not coincidentally active further weaken their connections

Post natal development improves the experience-expectant plasticity.

As an example, an environment of korean speech exposing the raised child to different speech sounds than the same raised in an English-speaking environment. Infants initially can discriminate speech sound of any language. But in the later year, the change in the auditory system makes the infant expert in discriminating sounds of
its language in the environment and also loses the ability to discriminate sounds that are not experienced.

Whereas, in experience-dependent plasticity, the neuronal connections are modified by the experience that usually begins with the early postnatal life and continues for a lifetime. An example is the ‘enriched experiences’. It is the continuing process comprise both the creation and organization of neuron connections occurs via the experience gained. Different environemnt and circumstance influence the brain development. It is evident from the fact that complex and engaging environment helps in developemnt of more dendrite development and more overall synapses. Whereas those who raised in an environment with no stimulating or engaging features show less dendrite development

Example: Increased cortical development corresponding to fingers of left hand is observed in violinist and braille readers