Question

3. If you are required to build Wind Turbine for industrial application, which factors will you consider? Hint: Approach the question through creative thinking.

Answer 1

Answer:

The power generation is the main contributor to the global warming and also various harmful pollutants. If these conventional energy generation methods are replaced by the renewable enrgy resources, the carbon emmisionand global warming can be reduced in a effective way. For effectively designing the power generation devices using renewable energy resurces requires detailed anaysis because efficiency of these systems re generally low. Two major renewable energy resources are solar and wind power.

Efficiency of eing turbine system mostly depends on the wind direction and speeds.Wind power is the method of generation of electricity from the wind power.Due to the earth surface heating by the sun, primary energy flow takes place in atmosphere.Wind turbines are used for converting wind energy in to electricty. so there are lot of main factors which are to be considered while building wind turbine.

Wind turbine efficiency mainly depends on the factors as given below:

• Altitude of the location where wind turbine is located
• Power of wind
• Air temperature
• Aerodynamics of blades
• Obstructions if any available

Main factors which needs to be considered while building the wind turbines are as given below one by one:

• Wind speed:

The output of wind turbine mainly depends upon the speed of the wind. Wind power is also directly calculated on the basis of wind speed as

P= Wind power

k= Constant

F= Wind force

V= Wind speed

So from here also we can say that as the higher the speed and higher the wind force, we can get more power from the wind turbine as the out put. So wind speed and wind force acts as a deciding factors for the wind turbine higher power output.

Speed of wind is the main determining factor of power of wind turbine.Stronger wind speed rotates the blades of turbine at higher speed. If the blades rotates at higer speed, it produce more mechanical force and also more power or elecricty.

Turbines are designed on the basis of the limit range of the wind limits. There is two speed limits which are defined as Cut in speed and cut out speed. Cut in speed is the speed at which the turbine starts generating power.Cut out speed is the speed at which turbine is to be stopped to avoid any damage.During design stage itself, the cut in and cut out speed the wind turbine is calculated and defined.

• Height or altitude:

Higher altitude places are have high speeds of winds and also there is less obstruction from the trees, buildings and hills if thewind turbine is located in the hilly area.As the distance between the turbine and ground is doubles, the turbine power can be increased by 12% around.

• Rotor

Amount of the power produced by the wind turbine is directly proportional to the rotor size which is used in the turbione.Bigger rotors produce more power output even may be cost will be higher but for the long run application, pay back period will cover the cost in a year itself so larger size of rotor should always be preffered.

• Resources of wind:

There are some factrs which influence the wind resources in a potential way in any area. The three main factirs which affects the wind turbine power are

1. Wind speed
2. Blade radius
3. Air density

In place of occasional wind, the area should be choen wisely for the eind turbine installation where the speed of air is high at each time of the year or throughout the year for getting the continuos ppower supply with the continuos fulfillment of demands

• Density of air:

Power output of the wind turbine also depends upon local wind density of air. Air density i function of altitude, pressure and temperature. if the density of air is high it exerts more pressure on the rotor of the eind turbine. So that with the dense air, more power output is acheived

• Design of turbine:

Wind turbine are designed as the rotor blade radius is maximized and the maximun power output is acheieved. If the blades size is large, they can capture more kinetic energy of the wind through the rotor an dmaximise the power output.

As in the general thumb rule, turbines are spaces out at four times he rotor diameter.As big size blades need nore amount and high speed of wind.