Question

1. Steroid hormones are derived from ___ and synthesized by ___.

   1. Amino acids, rough endoplasmic reticulum

   2. Amino acids, smooth endoplasmic reticulum

   3. Cholesterol, ribosomes

   4. Cholesterol, smooth endoplasmic reticulum

   5. Proteines, mitochondria

2. The hormones that regulate blood calcium levels are ____

   1. Insulin and glucagon

   2. Thyroxine and triiodothyronine

   3. Antiduretic hormone and glucocorticoids

   4. Epinephrine and norepinephrine

   5. Parathyroid hormone and calcitonin

3. Which of the following hormones is responsible for the “fight or flight” response?

   1. Thyroxine

   2. Parathyroid hormone

   3. Epinephrine

   4. Glucagon

   5. mineralocorticoids

4. Glucagon and insulin are secreted by the____

   1. Liver

   2. Pancreas

   3. Kidneys

   4. Adrenal glands

   5. Thyroid glands

5. Which hormones regulate basal metabolic rate and cellular metabolism?

   1. hGH

   2. T3 and T4

   3. Parathyroid hormone

   4. Aldosterone

   5. cortisol

Answer 1

Ans 1. Cholestrol,smooth endoplasmic reticulum

All steroid hormones are derived from cholesterol

Many of the enzymes for sterol and steroid synthesis are localized in the smooth-surfaced endoplasmic reticulum . This organelle is particularly prominent in cells of the inner zones of the adrenal and fluctuates in amount and configuration in response to hormonal stimulation and sterol levels

Ans 2.Parathyroid hormone and calcitonin

The parathyroid hormone (PTH), secreted by the parathyroid glands, is responsible for regulating blood calcium levels; it is released whenever blood calcium levels are low

Calcitonin, a hormone produced by the thyroid, acts in opposition to PTH by inhibiting osteoclasts, stimulating osteoblasts, and increasing excretion of calcium into the urine by the kidneys

Ans 3. Epinephrine

The sympathetic nervous system sends out impulses to glands and smooth muscles and tells the adrenal medulla to release epinephrine (adrenaline) and norepinephrine (noradrenaline) into the bloodstream. These "stress hormones" cause several changes in the body, including an increase in heart rate and blood pressure.

Ans 4 .Pancreas

Insulin and glucagon are hormones secreted by islet cells within the pancreas. They are both secreted in response to blood sugar levels, but in opposite fashion! Insulin is normally secreted by the beta cells (a type of islet cell) of the pancreas,while glucagon is secreted by alpha cells.

Ans 5. T3 and T4

The body's basal metabolic rate is controlled by the thyroid hormones thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3). The anterior pituitary produces thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), which controls the release of T3 and T4 from the thyroid gland.