Question

In: Chemistry

In anaerobic cells glucose C6H12O6 is converted to lactic acid: C6H12O6 → 2CH3CH(OH)COOH. The standard enthalpies...

In anaerobic cells glucose C6H12O6 is converted to lactic acid: C6H12O6 → 2CH3CH(OH)COOH. The standard enthalpies of formation of glucose and lactic acid are –1274.45 and –694.04 kJ/mol, respectively. The molar heat capacities (at constant pressure) for glucose and lactic acid are 218.86 and 127.6 J/mol K, respectively.

(4.a) Calculate the molar enthalpy associated with associated with the formation lactic acid from glucose at 298 K.

(4.b) What would the quantity in part (4.a) be if the reaction proceeded at a physiological temperature of 310 K?

(4.c) Based on your answers in parts (4.a) and (4.b) how sensitive is the enthalpy of this reaction to moderate temperature changes?

Solutions

Expert Solution


Related Solutions

Use bond enthalpies to estimate a) the enthalpy of the anaerobic breakdown of glucose to lactic...
Use bond enthalpies to estimate a) the enthalpy of the anaerobic breakdown of glucose to lactic acid in cells that are starved of oxygen, C6H12O6(aq) → 2 CH3CH(OH)COOH(aq), b) the enthalpy of combustion of glucose. Ignore the contributions of enthalpies of fusion and vaporization.
Under anaerobic conditions, glucose is broken down in muscle tissue to form lactic acid according to...
Under anaerobic conditions, glucose is broken down in muscle tissue to form lactic acid according to the reaction: C6H12O6 → 2 CH3CHOHCOOH Use data from the 'official' tables available in the BCH341 website in addition to the heat capacities for glucose and lactic acid given below: Assume all heat capacities are constant from T = 298 K to T = 310 K. For glucose,  Cop,m=218.2JK.mol For lactic acid,  Cop,m=127.6JK.mol Note: All thermodynamic quantities in this problem are per mol of glucose. Be...
Under anaerobic conditions, glucose is broken down in muscle tissues to form lactic acid according to...
Under anaerobic conditions, glucose is broken down in muscle tissues to form lactic acid according to the reaction, C6H12O6(s) → 2CH3CHOCOOH(s). Thermodynamic data for glucose and lactic acid at 298 K are given below. ΔHfº (kJ/mol) Cp.m (J/mol∙K) Smº (J/mol∙K) Glucose −1273.1 219.3 209.2 Lactic Acid −673.6 127.6 192.1 (a) Calculate ΔS for the system, surrounding and universe at T = 325 K. Assume the heat capacities are constant between 298 K and 325 K. (b) Is this reaction spontaneous...
In the Potter process, sucrose is converted to glucose and fructose: C12H22O11 + H2O → C6H12O6...
In the Potter process, sucrose is converted to glucose and fructose: C12H22O11 + H2O → C6H12O6 + C6H12O6 The combined glucose and fructose is called inversion sugar. Fresh feed flows at a rate of 0.5 ton/min containing 70% sucrose and 30% water by mass. The fresh feed is combined with a recycle stream so that the stream entering the reactor contains 5% inversion sugar by mass. If 87% conversion of sucrose occurs, determine: A. the recycle stream flow B. the...
Anaerobic fermentation is carried in a bioreactor where glucose (C6H12O6) is digested to form the products...
Anaerobic fermentation is carried in a bioreactor where glucose (C6H12O6) is digested to form the products ethanol (C2H5OH) and propenoic acid (C2H3CO2H). The product stream is analyzed and found to contain 96.5 mole % water, 1.34 mole % C2H5OH, 0.79 mole % C2H3CO2H, 1.12 mole % CO2 and 0.25 mole % C6H12O6. Given the specific gravity of ethanol is 0.789. a. Calculate the mass fraction of each compound and the average molecular weight of the product stream mixture. b. Determine...
When grape juice is fermented, glucose (C6H12O6) is converted to ethanol (C2H6O) and carbon dioxide. Please...
When grape juice is fermented, glucose (C6H12O6) is converted to ethanol (C2H6O) and carbon dioxide. Please show work. a.) Write a balanced chemical equation for the reaction. (There are not any other reactants or products.)    C6H12O6 -> C2H6O + CO2     is this correct? b.) How many grams of glucose are needed to form 150 g of ethanol? c.) If a grape juice sample dontains 4.50 kg of glucose, how manu grams of ethanol can be produced? d.) How many...
Consider the titration of 171 mL of 0.961 M lactic acid, CH3CH9OH)COOH, Ka = 1.38E-4, with...
Consider the titration of 171 mL of 0.961 M lactic acid, CH3CH9OH)COOH, Ka = 1.38E-4, with 1.203 M NaOH for the next three problems. Problem #1 What is the pH of the solution when 83.33 mL of the 1.203 M NaOH are added to the 0.961 M lactic acid solution? Problem #2 What is the pH of the solution at the equivalence point? Problem #3 What is the pH of the solution when 178.9 mL of the 1.203 M NaOH...
When O2 is added to an anaerobic suspension of cells consuming glucose at a high rate,...
When O2 is added to an anaerobic suspension of cells consuming glucose at a high rate, the rate of glucose consumption drops significantly as the O2 is consumed; the accumulation of lactate also ceases. First observed by Louis Pasteur in the 1860s, this effect is characteristic of most cells capable of aerobic and anaerobic metabolism. a) Why does lactate cease to accumulate upon addition of O2? b) Why does the rate of glucose consumption decrease? c) What is the mechanistic...
Compare ethanol and lactic acid fermentation with regard to their products and the types of cells...
Compare ethanol and lactic acid fermentation with regard to their products and the types of cells in which they occur.
A winemaking guide describes “malolactic fermentation,” where malate is converted to lactic acid. Interestingly, this process...
A winemaking guide describes “malolactic fermentation,” where malate is converted to lactic acid. Interestingly, this process can happen simultaneously with other forms of fermentation. a. This process usually occurs across a membrane. How is this process generating energy for the cell?
ADVERTISEMENT
ADVERTISEMENT
ADVERTISEMENT