Question

1. Explain the difference between mastery motivation and achievement motivation. Explain how this relates to growth or fixed mindsets and give an example of each.

2. identify and define Marcia's four stages of identity formation.

Answer 1

1.Achievement motivation or need for achievement is the type of motivation where individuals have the need to accomplish goals, be successful, master a skill and reach high standards. Mastery motivation can be grouped under the broad term of achievement motivation which refers to the motivation that drives individual to master a particular task or a skill. Mastery motivation is more specific unlike achievement motivation which is general and is a broad umbrella concept. Both of these relate positively to the mindset of growth. E.g.. if I want to master the skill of baking a cake, I have the motivation to take up a course, learn and then practice to bake the perfect cake. Also, if I am highly ambitious and my need for achievement is high, I would try to excel at everything that I pursue.

2. The four stages according to Marcia are:

a) Identity diffusion - There is no clear identity. There is no commitment to search for one as well. E.g.. "I don't know who I am and I don't care.

b) Identity moratorium - In this stage, the search for identity begins but is still at a preliminary stage and the search is vague or ill-formed. E.g.. "I am thinking about myself, but still confused what should I do"

c) Identity foreclosure - Commitment is there with respect to beliefs and future but without actually truly exploring the options. E.g.. "I have made a choice, did not think much about it though".

d) Identity achievement - There is high level of commitment and after exploring all possible options and after carefully thinking about it. E.g.. "I thought about it and now I know what to do"