Question

How are the molecules of a saltine cracker (they contain amylose and amylopectin) broken down and absorbed into your body? Once they are absorbed, how are these energetic molecules stored until the body needs energy? How are these storage molecules broken down by cells so that they can be utilized by the organism? What hormone molecule regulates the levels of glucagons in the blood, and how do they do this? What diseases result when these hormone molecules stop functioning and how do these diseases arise?

Answer 1

First amylase and amylopectin hydrolyzed into small fragments through the action of alpha amilase, secreted by salivary glands in some species, and from the pancreas in.

How it is absorbed

Starch is digested to glucose in two basic steps:

First amylose and amylopectin are hydrolyzed into small fragments through the action of alpha amylase, secreted by salivary glands in some species, and from the pancreas in all

  

Where is amylose and amylopectin is stored

Amylopectin and α - amylase is broken down by the enzyme amylase. In animals, salivary α -amylase begins the digestion process in the mouth. Pancreatic α -amylase continues the process in the intestine. Glycogen is the energy storage carbohydrate in animals and used for energy

The question regarding what hormone molecule control the production of glucogen in blood

This hormone, insulin, causes the liver to convert more glucose into glycogen (this process is called glycogenesis), and to force about 2/3 of body cells (primarily muscle and fat tissue cells) to take up glucose from the blood through the GLUT4 transporter, thus decreasing blood sugar

Disease caused

glucogen deficiencyi one of the major causes of hypoglycemia, a condition characterized by diminished levels of glucose in the blood.Gucogon deficiencycan produce a variety of symptoms, but the principal problems arise from an inadequate supply of glucose in the brain and resulting impairment of function.

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