Question

1)Derivative of monosaccharide means

2)amylose and amylopectin

3)Name of derivative of monosaccharide containing each compound :

Glycerol,Glucuronic acid,Deoxyribose,Ribose 5-phosphate,N-Acetylglucosamine

4)name of sugar unit of each polysaccharide :

Glycogen,chitin,cellulose,amylose,amylopectin,Hyaluronic acid

Answer 1

1.Derivative of monosaccharide means that the parent monosaccharide is structurally modified from a basic monosaccharide unit by substitution or addition of any atoms or molecule from or to the monosaccharide such as oxidation,hydroxylation etc.monosaccharide derivatives are biologically important.Examples include sugar acids,deoxy sugars,aminosugars etc.

2.Amylose and amylopectin are 2 poysaccharides found in starch molecule.They have similaries and differences in their structure and chemical properties.Amylose is a straight chain polymer where as amylopectin is a branched chain polymer.

Amylose and amylopectin have alpha glucose as its basic unit.Amylose only have alpha(1-4)glycosidic linkage in between glucose units where as amylopectin has both alpha (1-4) and alpha(1-6) glycosidic linkages in between glucose units.Due to branched structure of amylopectin,it is more soluble than amylose.

3.monosaccharide derivatives contained in

Glycerol-sugar alcohol

Glucoronic acid-sugar acid(oxidation of glucose at carbon 6)

Deoxy ribose- deoxy sugar(hydroxyl group of sugar replaced with hydrigen atom)

Riboxy-5- phosphate:sugar phosphate(phosphate group attached to fifth carbkc of ribose)

N-acetyl glucosamine-amino sugar(hydroxyl group is replaced by amino group)

4- name of sugar units in the following compounds.

Glycogen:Beta D glucose

Chitin:2-acetylamino-2-deoxy- D glucose

Cellulose:Beta D glucose

Amylose:Alpha D glucose

Amylopectin:Alpha D glucose

Hyaluronic acid:2-acetamido-2-deoxy D glucose.