Question

What is the strongest type of cell junction found in the body? List the four basic tissue types found in the body, briefly describing their function. Give an example of where you would find these epithelia in the body: 1) simple columnar; 2) stratified squamous; 3) transitional; 4) pseudostratified columnar. Which type of muscle tissue contains cells that can divide? What do we call the cells in nervous tissue that conduct electrical impulses? Provide THREE (3) examples of connective tissue and where they can be found in the body. How is cartilage different from all other connective tissues?

Answer 1

• The strongest type of cell junction is the Tight junction/Occluding junction - A type of water-tight junction.No movement of water,ions or other molecules between the cells.Blocks most of the molecules to cross the cell. These junctions are found in epithelium of bladder,intestine and kidney.
• The four basic types of tissues found in the body are:

1. Epithelial tissue: Functions- Absorption,Protection, Secretion, Sensory reception, Excretion, Diffusion, Filtration.The cells are tightly packed tightly together.
2. Connective tissue: Functions- Transportation of substances in the body, Protection, Binding, Insulation, Storing reserve fuel
3. Muscle tissue : Function- Maintenance of posture, Movement, Joint stability, Heat production
4. Nervous tissue- Functions- Sensory,Integration and Motor signaling.

1.Simple columnar epithelium: Small intestine , Stomach, Respiratory bronchioles, Fallopian tube, Large intestine, Endometrium, Rectum

2.Stratified squamous epithelium: Dorsum of tongue, Oesophagus, Lips, Anus, Mouth, Hard palate, Female reproductive system like Vagina, Cervix and Labia majora.

3.Transitional epithelium: Urinary bladder. Ureter and Urethra

4.Pseudostratified columnar epithelium; Lining of the upper respiratory tract and trachea(Ciliated), Prostate and Membranous part of vas deferens (Non-ciliated)

• Smooth muscle cells can divide and proliferate.
• Neurons / Nerve cells are the cells that are responsible for generation and conduction of electrical impulses.
• Three types of Connective tissues are :

1. Loose connective tissue: Contain areolar connective tissue,adipose connective tissue and reticular connective tissue.They connect the epithelial tissues to the underlying connective tissue and hold the organs. E.g.. These are found in almost all areas of the body and between the organs of the body. like surrounding the blood vessels, nerves and muscles.Also found in mediastinal extremities of the body.
2. Dense connective tissue: E.g.Tendons,Ligaments and Aponeurosis.Also found in cornea in the eye.
3. Specialized connective tissue: E.g.Bone, Cartilage and Blood.

• Unlike other connective tissue types, cartilage does not contain the blood vessels.All other connective tissue have blood supply.