Does the hypothalamus control emotions and behavior?

Expert Solution

The behavior of animals and human beings is mostly affected by two responding systems in hypothalamus and other structures of limbic system. These two systems act opposite to one another.
The responding systems are concerned with the affective nature of sensations, i.e. whether the sensations are pleasant or painful.
These two qualities are called the reward (satisfaction) and punishment (aversion or avoidance).

Hypothalamus has two centers for behaviorial and emotional changes.
They are:
i. Reward center
ii. Punishment center.

Reward center --> is situated in medial forebrain bundle and ventromedial nucleus of hypothalamus. Electrical stimulation of these areas in animals pleases or satisfies the animals.

Punishment center ---> is situated in posterior and lateral nuclei of hypo thalamus. Electrical stimulation of these nuclei in animals leads to pain, fear, defense, escape reactions and other elements of punishment.

Role of Reward and Punishment Centers ---
The importance of the reward and punishment centers lies in the behavioral pattern of the individuals. Almost all the activities of day-to-day life depend upon reward and punishment. While doing something, if the person is rewarded or feels satisfied, he or she continues to do so. If the person feels punished or unpleasant, he or she stops doing so. Thus, these two centers play an important role in the development of the behavioral pattern of a person.

Rage refers to violent and aggressive emotional expression with extreme anger. It can be developed in animals by stimulating the punishment centers in posterior and lateral hypothalamus. The reactions of rage are expressed by developing a defense posture.

Sydney Mullin answered 1 year ago

Explain the role of the hypothalamus in regulating pituitary control of endocrine function:

How are the hypothalamus and pituitary able to control the majority of the endocrine system?

Describe the function of the hypothalamus in the control of body weight Please give a detailed...

Describe the function of the hypothalamus in the control of body weight Please give a detailed answer. Add supportive equations or flow diagrams if possible. Thank you.

1. The colder the body becomes, the less able the hypothalamus is to control thermoregulation mechanisms....

1. The colder the body becomes, the less able the hypothalamus is to control thermoregulation mechanisms. Select one: a)True B)False 2. What exercise guidelines apply to pregnant women? Select all that apply. Select one or more: a. Pregnant woman should focus on hydration and avoid exercising in hot environments. b. During the first trimester, exercise can start at 15 minutes per day, 3 days per week, or as comfort and symptoms dictate. c. Pregnant women should perform repetitive exercise that...

How would you explain the significance of the different ways the hypothalamus and pituitary control the...

How would you explain the significance of the different ways the hypothalamus and pituitary control the endocrine system? Why is it necessary to have multiple steps? What does this accomplish physiologically? Which hormones are involved in each axis and why

1) Outline the primary mechanism of control of the thyroid gland via the hypothalamus and anterior...

1) Outline the primary mechanism of control of the thyroid gland via the hypothalamus and anterior pituitary. Include all hormones involved.

What role does the hypothalamus play in our motivation to eat?

Can we control behavior in the workplace?

The hypothalamus-pituitary complex can be considered as the master control center for the endocrine system. Contrast...

The hypothalamus-pituitary complex can be considered as the master control center for the endocrine system. Contrast how the hypothalamus communicates differently with the anterior pituitary gland compared to the posterior pituitary gland. Using a specific example, describe the process by which the hypothalamus can direct the secretion of an anterior pituitary gland hormone and the effects at the target organ or tissue.

What impact do the different levels of leadership have on employee attitudes, emotions, and behavior? Which...

What impact do the different levels of leadership have on employee attitudes, emotions, and behavior? Which level is closest to your present leadership style? Which level is closest to your desired leadership style?

Question