Question

1.Briefly describe Herzberg's two-factor theory

2. What is leadership potential? In the context of understanding followers' leadership talent, differentiate between potential and readiness.

3.Explain and compare social loafing, with social facilitation

4. Explain and compare Additive task with process loss

5.Describe one benefit and one drawback of greater group cohesion.

Answer 1

1) According to Frederick Herzberg, the two-factor theory includes :

A) Hygiene factors B) Motivational factors

A) Hygiene factors - It includes the mental or psychological factors that influence a worker to complete his work without being dissatisfied with the environment or the prevalent working conditions around him. Some of the hygiene factors include pay, company policy, Job security, etc.

B) Motivational factors - It includes all those factors which drive an individual to contribute towards the organization by utilizing his complete potential. The factors include Recognition, growth, appraisal, etc.

2) Leadership potential refers to the capacity of the leader wherein he is able to establish clear communication with his subordinates and takes the responsibility of a task and establish authority and accountability between the subordinates working in the organization.

The difference between potential and readiness is as follows :

A)Potential - The potential of a leader can only be sought out with a technical measurement in terms of developing a plan or a skillset which determines the output given by a candidate to fulfill the criteria required by the organization.

B) Readiness - Readiness of a candidate can be analyzed through imparting various job skill sets to him and thereby through examining him preparing a detailed performance evaluation report which states the readiness or incompetent nature of the candidate.

3) A)Social facilitation - It refers to a variable visible change that occurs in the performance of an individual. it may be a positive or high trend change or a negative downtrend change.

B) Social loafing   - it refers to a decrease in an individual's performance. it happens due to a change in the factors that are responsible in the integrated efforts when individuals are combined in a group.

Social facilitation is a positive change as it could possibly lead to uplift or improve the performance of an individual whereas Social loafing is a regressive change that delimits the performance of an individual.

4) A) Additive task - As the word means Additive, it refers to a collaborative effort of the group and its summation that yield a collective performance.

B) Process Loss - It refers to a shrinkage in an individual's performance who is a part of a group that hasn't been able to produce effective performance/output.

Additive task is a process that accumulates the entire group performance whereas process loss shows the downfall or reduction in the performance of a group.

5) The advantage of Group Cohesiveness is :

A) Better synchronization of efforts   - When all the efforts of all the participants of a group are directed towards one particular task it leads to better coordination which saves time and provides efficient results.

The disadvantage of Group Cohesiveness is :

B) lack of creativity - when all the efforts of the participants of a group are of the same nature and lack innovation or unique characteristic it usually impacts the richness and uniqueness of the input overall and impacts the organization's objective of the creative element.