Question

1. Which is/are formed during the embryonic stage?

Group of answer choices

circulatory system alone

brain alone

major body organs

digestive system alone

2. The brain forms during

Group of answer choices

the germinal phase

the fetal stage

birth and delivery

the embryonic stage

3. Professor Misra is an evolutionary psychologist. To explain morning sickness, what statement would he make

Group of answer choices

"Morning sickness evolved to protect the embryo from poisonous foods."

"Women who have morning sickness are at high risk for miscarrying."

"A woman who has morning sickness is unconsciously rejecting her fetus."

"Morning sickness is all in the mind. Women who expect to get sick, do."

4. A teratogen:

Group of answer choices

develops during the third trimester of pregnancy.

is a poisonous substance that crosses the placenta, harming the fetus

is a gene that causes a birth defect.

enters the ovum with the sperm

5. Which prenatal test samples the fluid that surrounds the fetus

Group of answer choices

measurement of gestational age

amniocentesis

3-D ultrasound

ultrasound

6. Which is the correct order of events during labor?

Group of answer choices

expulsion of placenta; birth; dilation and effacement

dilation and effacement; birth; expulsion of placenta

dilation and effacement; expulsion of placenta; birth

birth; dilation and effacement; expulsion of placenta

Answer 1

1) Structures formed during embryonic stage :-

(c) Major body organs.

The embryonic stage lasts from implantation ( 2 weeks) to 8th week of pregnancy. During this period there is rapid growth and organ development. Development of digestive, circulatory, nervous and others develop in this stage.

Since in this stage not only one organ develops so the options (a), (b), (d) are incorrect.

Thus the correct answer is (c) Major organs develop during embryonic period.

2) The brain forms during :-

(d) Embryonic stage.

There are three stages of prenatal development :-

• Germinal
• Embryonic
• Fetal

The germinal stage occurs from the conception to the implantation (2 weeks). It is the stage where the zygote begins to rapidly grow.

The embryonic stage is from implantation to 8th week of pregnancy. And here the major organs develops including brain.

And the fetal stage occurs after embryonic stage and lasts upto the birth. And here the formed brain grows and develops at a rapid pace.

So options (a), (b), (c) are incorrect.

This the correct answer is (d) Embryonic stage.

3) Correct about Morning sickness :-

(a) "Morning sickness evolved to protect the embryo from poisonous foods."

A morning sickness is a symptom faced by every pregnant mother so it is not related to miscarriage and rejection of fetus. The options (b), (c) are incorrect.

Also it is not in minds of women who get sick. So option (d) is also incorrect.

It is actually a protective response of mother to fetus from the harmful substances and food mother takes.

Thus the correct answer is (a) Morning sickness evolved to protect the embryo from poisonous food.

4) A teratogen :-

(b) is a poisonous substance that crosses the placenta, harming the fetus.

Teratogenicity mainly occurs during 1st Trimester in a poisonous substance (virus, bacteria etc) which crosses the placenta and causes harm to the developing fetus.

It is not a genetic defect which occurs via ovum and sperm . So the options (a) & (c) are incorrect.

Thus the correct answer is (b) Teratogen is a poisonous substance that crosses the placenta, harming the fetus.

5) The prenatal test that samples the fluid surrounding the fetus :-

(a) Amniocentesis

In this a small amount of amniotic fluid, which contain fetal tissue is sampled from amniotic sac surrounding the developing fetus.

3-D ultrasound and Ultrasound uses high frequency sound for prenatal diagnosis and donot require fluid surrounding the developing fetus.

So the correct answer is (a) Amniocentesis.

6) Correct order of events during labour :-

(b) dilation and effacement; birth; expulsion of placenta

In labour first there is dilation and effacement of cervix which allows baby to be born through birth canal. Effacement means stretching of cervix and dilatation leads to opening of cervix. Then the baby comes out. It is followed by expulsion of placenta.

So other options are incorrect except (b).

Thus the correct answer is (b) dilatation and effacement; birth ; expulsion of placenta.