1. How many neutrons are there in oxygen? In hydrogen?
In nitrogen?
2. Distinguish between atoms and molecules and among
protons, neutrons, and electrons.
3. Compare and contrast covalent bonds and ionic
bonds.
4. Explain how polar covalent bonds allow hydrogen bonds
to form, and provide an example.
7. Define pH scale, acid, base, and buffer. How do
buffers reduce changes in pH when hydrogen ions or hydroxide ions
are added to a solution? Why is this phenomenon important in...