Question

Explain the extrinsic regulation of GFR. Explain how an angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor (ACE inhibitor) such as captopril would be effective as an antihypertensive.nnn

Answer 1

The drug taken ACE inhibitor is a antihypertensive drug.

ACE inhibitor - angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor.

ACE is an enzyme produced in lungs that convert angiotensin I to angiotensin II.

● Mechanism of action of ACE inhibitor.

ACE inhibitor act on Renin angiotensin aldosterone system(RAAS) .

RAAS is a special mechanism that act on kidney to increase the body fluid and blood pressure.

RAAS mainly involve reabsorption of Na+ and H2O from the distal tubule.

Increased Na+ and H20 reabsorption result increase blood volume and blood pressure

RAAS mechanism is described below;

Low blood volume and low blood pressure release Renin,

Renin convert angiotensinogen to angiotensin I.

Angiotensin I converted to Angiotensin II by ACE.

Angiotensin II act on adrenal gland release aldosterone .

Aldosterone cause Na+ and H2O reabsorption from distal tubule .

Angiotensin II also act on blood vessel cause vasoconstriction result in increase blood pressure.

ACE inhibitor inhibits AC enzyme, results in failure of formation of angiotensin II , results in low blood volume and low blood pressure.

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