Question

- Write a description about how food travels through the digestive and excretory system from mouth to anvs

- Describe (outline) a meal of 3-4 different foods being broken down in each organ of digestion

- Include how each type of food is broken down (lipids, protein, etc.)

- What happens to each food at each part of the digestive journey through the mouth, esophagus, stomach, duodenum etc.?

Answer 1

ANS:1: Organs which are involved in the digestive system are the mouth, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, liver and pancreas.

The absorption of the nutrients into the body occured by the digestive system.

Food travels through the digestive system and excretory system form mouth to last rectum part:

when we swellow food, food enters to mouth, here food chewing by teeth and mouth's saliva helps in digestion.

Digestion starts in the mouth and ends in the small intestine.

Food passes through the Gastrointestinal tract, food mixes with digestive juices and large molecules of foods break down to the small molecules.

The body absorbs smaller molecules via the wall of the small intestine into the blood stream and then whole body.

The waste products in digestion process pass via the large intestine and out of the body by the rectum as a solid material that is called stool.

The excretory system which is used to absorbs water and minerals and undigestive food to move out the body by excretory part.

ANS:2:

Foods being broken down in each organ of the digestion:

Mouth: Digestion starts from the mouth by chewing. Digestive juice - saliva Food particles broken down- starches.

Esophagus: Food then pushes into the esophagus by swallowing. Digestive juice: none. Food particles broken down: none.

Stomach: food then pass through to the stomach. upper muscle in stomach relaxes to let food enter and lower muscle mixes food with digetive juice. Digestive juice: stomach acid. Food particles broken down: Protein.

Small intestine: The small intestine muscles mix food with digestive juices by Peristalsis.  Digestive juice: small intestine digestive juice. food particles broken down: starch, protein and carbohydrates.

Pancreas: Pancreas produces juice which contains enzymes. Digestive juice: pancreatic juice. food particles broken down: starch, fats and protein.

Liver: The liver also produces a juice which is used in digestion. Digestive juice: Bile acids.  Food particles broken down: Fats.

Large intestine: The waste products in digestion includes undigestive material of food. These waste products(stool) from the large intestine to rectum came out from the body during a bowel movement.

ANS:3: Food is broken down to lipids, proteins, carbohydrates, vitamins and etc.

The small intestine absorbs most of the digestive food molecules and water and minerals. They are passed to other parts of the body for the chemical change or for the storage.

The absorbed materials goes into the blood stream and the blood stream carries simple sugers, glycerol, amino acids and vitamins and salt to the liver.

The lymphatic system carries white blood cells and fluid which is known as lymph throughout the body and absorbs fatty acids and vitamins.

Proteins breaks into amino acids. Fats break into fatty acids and glycerol. Carbohydrates break into simpe sugers.

ANS:4: Food from mouth to exrectory part include the process:

1. ingestion 2. Digestion 3. Breakdown 4. Excretion.

Mouth: Digestion starts in the mouth with chewing. saliva in mouth helps in digestion. food passes through the GI tract, it mixes with digestive juice. it results the large molecules of food to break down into smaller molecules.

salivary gland: saliva produced by the salivary glands, it moistens food so food casn easily pass through esophagus in to the stomach.

saliva contains enzymes that can help break down the starches form food.

Esophagus: When we swallows food, it pushes into the esophagus, The muscular tube carries food and liquids from the mouth to the stomach.

swallowing begins with involuntary process and processed uner the control of the esophagus and brain.

At the junction of the esophagus and stomach, esophageal sphincter muscle controls the passage of food and liquid between esophagus and stomach.

when food aprroaches the closed sphincter, the muscle relaxs and food then pass through to the stomach.

Stomach: The stomach stores the food and liquid, and it is mix with the digestive juices.

Digestive juices contain enzymes which speed up the chemical reactions in the body which break down food into nutrients.

The upper muscles of the stomach relaxes swallowed material from the esophagus. The lower muscles of the stomach mixes the food and liquid with digestive juices.

Glands in the stomach wall: The stomach wall glands produce stomach acid and the enzymes that digests protein.

Small intestine: The small intestine muscles mix food with digestive juices from the pancreas, liver and intestine and push the mixture food forward with digestion.

The small intestine walls absorbs the digsted nutrients intothe bloodstream.

The blood delivers the nutrients to the rest of the body.

Breakdown of protiens and breakdown of starch which produces glucose molecules that absorb into the blood.

bacteria in the small intestine produce enzymes which helps to digest carbohydrates.

Pancreas:  The pancreas produces a juice containing the enzymes that break down into the carbohydrates, fats and protiens in food.

Liver: The liver produces a digestive juice known as bile. When we eat, the gallbladder squeezes bile by the bile ducts which connect the gall bladder and liver to the small intestine.

The bile mixes with the fat in food. The bile acids dissolve fat into watery content.

Large intestine:

The body then absorbs the smaller molecules by the walls of the small intestine into the blood stream.

The large intestine absorbs water and nutrients.

Rectum:

The waste products of the digestive process in semi- solid material called stool. This is the undigested part which is come out from the body through excretory part by bowel movement.

so these are the explanations of the digestive system.