Question

1. Place the following in order (arising from the renal artery and ending at the glomerulus). Interlobar artery, interlobular artery, segmental artery, arcuate artery, afferent arteriole.

2. Know specifically what and where is the external urinary sphincter.

3. During urine production the following processes take place. Define them-for each process, what way are substances moving? Into or out of the filtrate): 1. filtration (also what is the pressure gradient) 2. reabsorption 3. secretion

Answer 1

1. BLOOD SUPPLY OF KIDNEY :-

AORTA RENAL ARTERY SEGMENTAL ARTERYINTERLOBAR ARTERY ARCUATE ARTERY INTERLOBULAR ARTERYAFFERENT ARTERIOLE GLOMERULOUS

2. EXTERNAL URINARY SPHICTER IS SPHICTER URETHRAE MS ,TYPE OF SKELETAL MS. TO CONTROL MICTURATION VOLUNARILY SUPPLY BY PUDENTAL NERVE , IS PRESENT IN UROGENITAL DIAPHRAGM

MALE :- IN DEEP PERINEAL POUCH , JUST DISTAL TO PROSTATE INFERIOR END AT LEVEL OF MEMBRANOUS URETHA

FEMALE :- IN DEEP PERINEAL POUCH JUST DISTAL TO BLADDER'S INFERIOR END

3. URINE PRODUCTION BLOOD PASS THROUGH FOLLOWING PROCESS

1. FILTRATION :- OCCURS AT GLOMERULUS . IT IS FILTRATION OF EXCESS FLUID AND WASTE PRODUCT OF BLOOD INTO COLLECTING TUBULE OF KIDNEY . IT IS FIRST STEP OF URINE PRODUCTION .

1 PRESSURE IN FAVOURED WITH FILTRATION AND 2 PRESSURE IS IN OPPOSITE .

PRESSURE FAVOURED FILTRATION	PRESSURE OPPOSE FILTRATION
1. GLOMERULAR HYDROSTATIC PRESSURE (55 MMHG)	1. BLOOD COLLOIDAL PRESUURE (30) 2. CAPSULAR HYDROSTATIC PRESSURE (15)

NET PRESSURE GRADIENT = FAVOUARABEL - OPPOSING PRESSURE = 55-45=10 MMHG

2.REABSORPTION :- IT IS ABSORPTION OF USEFUL SUBSTACE FROM FILTRATED THROUGH COLLECTING DUCT . ABSORTION OF GLUCOSE NA+ TAKES PALCE IN PCT OF NEPHRON

3. SECRETION :- IT IS SECRETING THE WASTE SUBSTANCES WHICH IS NI FILTERED AT GLOMERULOUS

TRANSFER OF SUBSTANCE FROM PERITUBULAR CAPILLARY TO TUBULAR LUMEN HECE CALLED TUBULAR SECRETION