Question

Suppose that in some sexually-reproducing species the haploid number of chromosomes is 20. How many chromosomes would be ​found in a somatic cell?

​A) 20​​​​B) 10​​​C) 2​​​D) 40

Anatomically modern humans migrated out of Africa into neighboring continents. About when did this migration begin?

​A) 1,000 years ago

​B) 10,000 years ago

​C) 60 thousand years ago

​D) Several million years ago

In one type of genetic therapy, healthy cells are introduced into diseased tissues. Which of the following is a serious problem with ​this kind of therapy?

​A) It is technically very difficult to transfer cells into tissues

​B) Rejection of the introduced cells by the recipient’s immune system

​C) Since each person’s DNA is unique, the donor DNA may not function in the recipient’s tissues

​D) Every person has different cell types

Which of the following is true about the process of crossing over of chromosomes?

​A) It ensures that replication of the chromosomes is as error-free as possible

​B) It acts to ensure that the gametes that result from meiosis are all genetically alike

​C) It increases the genetic diversity of gametes by creating chromosome types that are not identical to any ​​​​​​​​​maternal or paternal types

​D) It happens during mitosis as well as meiosis

​

Which of the following gives a good idea of what the science of genetics is all about?

​A) Genetics tries to establish patterns and mechanisms of heredity of traits from generation to generation

​B) Genetics tries to work out the rules and processes governing overall cellular metabolism

​C) Genetics focuses on mitosis and DNA replication more than anything else

​D) Genetics, unlike other branches of science, does not proceed by the scientific method, since it is nearly impossible to do ​​​​meaningful genetics experiments

Carbohydrates have which 2 main functions in living things?

​A) Energy storage and structural uses

​B) Insulation and structural uses

​C) Energy storage and organ cushioning

​D) Structural uses and hereditary information storage

On the right is a diagram of a molecule we have studied. ​Which one?

​A) Protein

​B) DNA polymerase enzyme

​C) Messenger RNA

​D) DNA double helix

Why is a genetic mutation in a gamete (reproductive cell, egg or sperm) potentially more consequential than a genetic mutation ​in a somatic (body) ​cell?

​A) A mutation in a somatic cell cannot have a bad effect on an organism, while a mutation in a gamete can

​B) A mutation in a gamete can get passed to future generations, while a mutation in a somatic cell cannot

​C) A mutation in a somatic cell has the potential to get passed on to future generations, affecting not only the organism in which it ​​occurs but also descendants. This is not true of gametes

​D) A mutation in a gamete will always get passed on to future generations, while a mutation in a somatic cell will not

What is the key factor enabling a population to possibly evolve to form a new species?

​A) It must, for a time at least, not experience any genetic mutations

​B) Reproductive isolation, i.e., the population must not exchange genes with other populations

​C) It must be larger and more fierce than any competing populations

​D) It must be a very large population, because evolution leading to speciation cannot take place in small populations

​

Answer 1

1. Haploid refers to the single set of chromosomes and are generally found in asexually producing organisms.
2. In humans generally there are 23 pairs (Haploid)and 46 chromosomes.
3. So this organism have the monoploid number and halpoid number same.I f the normal count if chromosome is 20 then the somatic cells under normal condition will have half of its chromosomes.
4. so the answer is 10 .
5. The expanisons and migration of the modern human had evolved and ocxured several millions of years ago.T he spread of humans i.e modern humans across europe occured nearly 40,000 years ago.
6. During an cell therapy process many factors are kept in mind to ensure an efficient way of treatment. The most common kind of problem seen is that the cells from one individual if introduced into the other individual i.e the recipients body, there are chances of body rejection as cells treat it as an foriegn particle or pathogen and hence starts producing antibodies thus making an adverse situation.
7. Crossing over is an genetic mechanism generally observed in the homologous xhromosomes and are an important process of generating great diversity in the population and act as an evolutionary trait in organisms.
8. The science of understanding genetics basically deals in understanding the mechanism of hereditary.genes,chromosomes and chromatin structures and functional study along with the other detailed mechanism.
9. The proxess of mutation leads to the interferance with the normal functioning of an particular protein and can be harmful for any celk and if reproductive cells are affected the chances of passing it to next generation can be more than compared to somatic cells as the somatic cells.
10. The evolution cannot ocxur in an small poplutaion and need to have an diveraified population to undergo an variation else in an small group of similar species having speciation will be the lone cause of various problems.