Question

6. During the fastball pitch in baseball, which three muscle groups are predominantly activated?

1. The triceps, hamstrings, and calf muscles
2. The biceps, quadriceps, and lower back muscles
3. The forearm, quadriceps, and upper back muscles
4. The forearm, the calf, and the quadriceps
5. The forearm, abdominals, and lower back muscles

34. Which muscle is least likely to atrophy with aging?

a) biceps

b) triceps

c) quadriceps

d) hamstrings

e) gastrocnemius

43. What is the approximate time it takes for full recovery of the anaerobic glycolytic energy system?

a) 3 minutes

b) 10 minutes

c) 30 minutes

d) one hour

e) two hours

56. During a progressive treadmill exercise test, you determine that a runner’s heart rate is 120 beats per minute at the anaerobic threshold. What heart rate target should they use during a 10 km race to ensure they are running at an appropriate intensity?

a) 100 beats per minute

b) 115 beats per minute

c) 120 beats per minute

d) 130 beats per minute

e) 150 beats per minute

Answer 1

Answer 6

Correct answer - b

Explanation:

• Elbow flexion torque is highest with a fastball - this produced by the biceps
• Quadriceps and lower back muscle stabilize the hip
• They provide a stable base for the trunk to rotate and flex

Incorrect answers:

Option a)

• Triceps prevent complete flexion and cause elbow extension during the acceleration phase
• part of the extension of the elbow is brought about by the centrifugal force of the rotating torso

Option c, d, e

• forearm muscle is used in fastball also but they are used more by sliders.
• the supinator muscle contracts and supinates the forearm
• supinating the forearm till the ball is released gives the ball a rotational motion.
• The muscle of the lower extremity play an important role in stabilizing the lower body

Answer 34 - Gastrocnemius -

• with age, glycolytic muscle fibers reduce in size and number. (type II muscle fiber)
• The gastrocnemius is anti-gravity muscle and therefore has high levels of slow-twitch muscle.
• These muscles rely on the aerobic pathway for energy production.

Incorrect answer -

option a, b - these are not antigravity muscle ( not associated with posture) also they have type II muscle fibre

option d, e - there is more muscle mass loss with age in quadriceps than hamstrings. There is more fat depositing in hamstrings

answer  43 - correct answer is 3 mins.

explanation the work to recovery time is 1:5, so if the patient does work of 30sec the recovery tme is 150 sec or 3 mins

Answer 44 - a)

to run a 10 km race an athlete should target 80 - 85% of his maximal heart rate achieve at anaerobic threshold

therfore the range of heart rate to be targeted is

0.80 x 120 beats /min - 96 beats /min

0.85 x 129 beats /min - 102 beats /min

the range is 96 -102 beats/min