Question

In: Anatomy and Physiology

The kidneys are located ____________________ A. posterior to the rib cage B. superior to the adrenal...

  1. The kidneys are located ____________________
    A. posterior to the rib cage
    B. superior to the adrenal glands
    C. posterior to the intestinal tract
    D. none of these are true

    2. The renal pyramids are located in the _______________
    A. cortical area of the kidney
    B. medullary area of the kidney
    C. at the renal hilus
    D. in the glomerulus

3. A unique feature of the anatomy of the blood supply to the glomerulus is that ___________________

A. there are two afferent arteries

B. there are two efferent arteries

C. that it is a capillary bed that has an arteriole entering and an arteriole leaving

D. that there is no exit arteriole as all of the blood flow is changed to filtrate

  1. Kidney stones, renal calculi are most frequently found in the ____________

  2. bladder

  3. ureter

  4. urethra

  5. glomerulus

5- The capillaries in the glomerulus, are known to be
A. designated as fenestrated
B. designated as sinusoidal
C. continuous
D. are permeable to proteins and electrolytes
  E.Both A and D

Solutions

Expert Solution

Answer

1. Option C) Posterior to the intestinal tract

  • Kidneys are retroperitoneal.
  • They are located in posterior part of abdomen.
  • Both small and large intestines are anterior to kidneys.


2. Option B) Medullary area of the kidney

  • Cortex is outer region of the kidney.
  • Medulla is inner region of kidney that contains renal pyramids.


3. Option C) That it is a capillary bed that has an arteriole entering and an arteriole leaving

  • Afferent arteriole becomes glomerulus as it enters the Bowman's capsule.
  • Glomerulus is bunch of capillaries.
  • The capillary continues as efferent arteriole.


4. Option B) Ureter

  • Ureter is very narrow as compared to other structures of urinary system.
  • Hence, the stone is most likely to be found in ureter.


​​​​​​​

5. Option A) Designated as fenestrated

  • Fenestrations in glomerular capillaries allows passage of small molecules and ions.
  • It prevents entry of large substances such as proteins and blood cells.

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