Question

proteoglycan aggregate in tissues forms hydrated, viscous gels. Can you think of any obvious mechanical reason why their capacity to form gels is important to cell function?

Answer 1

Ans

They are highly glycosylated macromolecules found in cell. They are major component of extracellular matrix and cell environment.

1. They stabilize interaction of receptor with ligand,

2. They help to create potentiated ternary signaling complexes which regulate cell prolifera, promotes endocytosis, migration and matrix adhesion.

3. They act as lubricant and help to withstand the pressure around the cell.

4. They regulate movement of water and ions.

5. They play an important part to maintain normal pulmonary structure and function.

6. They help in development of temporary fibrin matrix.

7. They aid incollagen fibril formation and in modifying the activity of transforming growth factor-beta.

8. They play an important role as the major anionic site responsible for the charge selectivity in glomerular filtration. (Heparan).

9. They play important function in cell growth and differentiation (modulation of pathways like FGFs, BMPs, Wnts, Hhs, IGFs).

10. They help in wound closure and also act as antiinflammatories agent (Lumican).