Question

For each of the following acid-base reactions, calculate how many grams of each acid are necessary to completely react with and neutralize 2.7 g of the base.

A. HCl(aq)+NaOH(aq)→H2O(l)+NaCl(aq)

B. 2HNO3(aq)+Ca(OH)2(aq)→2H2O(l)+Ca(NO3)2(aq)

C. H2SO4(aq)+2KOH(aq)→2H2O(l)+K2SO4(aq)

Answer 1

ans)

from aboce data that

Part A

HCl_(aq) + NaOH_(aq) H₂O_(l) + NaCl_(aq)

molar mass of NaOH = 39.997 g/mol  

no. of mole = mass of substance in gm / molar mass

no. of mole of NaOH = 2.7/ 39.997 = 0.0675 mole

According to reaction to 1 mole of NaOH required HCl is 1 mole they react in 1:1 proportion therefore to neutrilise 0.0675 mole of Base NaOH required acid HCl = 0.0675 mole

HCl is required = 0.0675 mole

molar mass of HCl = 36.46 g/mol

mass of compound in gm = no. of mole X molar mass

mass of acid HCl requied = 0.0675 X 36.46 = 2.46 gm

mass of acid HCl requied = 2.46 gm

Part B

2HNO_3(aq) + Ca(OH)_2(aq) 2H₂O_(l) + Ca(NO₃)_2(aq)

molar mass of Ca(OH)₂ = 74.093 g/mol  

no. of mole = mass of substance in gm / molar mass

no. of mole of Ca(OH)₂ = 2.7/ 74.093 = 0.03644 mole

According to reaction to 1 mole of Ca(OH)₂ required HNO₃ is 2 mole they react in 1:2 proportion therefore to neutrilise 0.03644 mole of Base Ca(OH)₂ required acid HNO₃ = 0.03644X 2 = 0.07288mole

HNO₃ is required = 0.07288 mole

molar mass of HNO₃ = 63.01 g/mol

mass of compound in gm = no. of mole X molar mass

mass of acid HNO₃ requied = 0.07288 X 63.01 = 4.59 gm

mass of acid HNO₃ requied = 4.59 gm

Part C

H₂SO_4(aq) + 2KOH_(aq) 2H₂O_(l) + K₂SO_4(aq)

molar mass of KOH = 56.1056 g/mol  

no. of mole = mass of substance in gm / molar mass

no. of mole of KOH =2.7 / 56.1056 = 0.048 mole

According to reaction to 2 mole of KOH required H₂SO₄ is 1 mole they react in 2:1 proportion therefore to neutrilise 0.09 mole of Base KOH required acid H₂SO₄ = 0.048/2 = 0.024 mole

H₂SO₄ is required = 0.024 mole

molar mass of H₂SO₄ = 98.079 g/mol

mass of compound in gm = no. of mole X molar mass

mass of acid H₂SO₄ requied = 0.024 X 98.079 =2.35 gm

mass of acid H₂SO₄ requied = 2.35 gm