Question

Explain individualistic culture, collectivist culture, and “tight or loose” culture, providing the main characteristics for each culture and supporting your answer with examples and citations from recent published articles (950-1000 words, 60 marks)

Answer 1

Individualistic Culture:

Individualistic culture is a general public that is described by independence, which is the prioritization or accentuation of the person over the whole gathering. Individualistic cultures are situated around oneself, being free as opposed to relating to a gathering attitude. They see each other as just approximately connected, and esteem individual objectives over gathering interests. Individualistic cultures have such one of kind parts of correspondence similar to a low force separation culture and having a low-setting correspondence style.

A couple of regular characteristics of individualistic cultures include:

• Being needy upon others is frequently viewed as dishonorable or humiliating
• Freedom is exceptionally esteemed
• Singular rights become the overwhelming focus
• Individuals regularly place a more noteworthy accentuation on sticking out and being one of a kind
• Individuals will in general act naturally dependent
• The privileges of people will, in general, take a higher priority

In individualistic cultures, individuals are considered "acceptable" in the event that they are solid, confident, emphatic, and free. This stands out from collectivist cultures where characteristics like acting naturally yielding, reliable, liberal, and accommodating to others are of more prominent significance.

The United States, Australia, United Kingdom, Canada, the Netherlands, New Zealand, Ireland, Germany, and South Africa have been recognized as profoundly individualistic cultures.

Collectivist Culture:

A collectivist culture is one that depends on esteeming the requirements of a gathering or a network over the person. Connection, family, and network are critical. Individuals will in general work together to make concordance and gathering union is amazingly esteemed. People in a collectivist culture are probably going to esteem what is useful for the entire over what is beneficial for one individual.

Commonly, the individuals who are a piece of a collectivist culture don't accept that people are simply isolated units gliding around in the public eye. Rather, this sort of culture prizes the thought that we are reliant and part of a bigger gathering. In collectivist cultures, one's direction is outward, close to the gathering, as opposed to inwards to himself.

There are various qualities that characterize collectivist cultures. For one, people are considered 'acceptable' when they are liberal and watch out for the requirements of others. They underscore the prosperity of the gathering over (or if nothing else as much as) singular prosperity. In collectivist cultures, your gathering character is significant: as opposed to considering yourself essentially as an individual unit, you find that the gathering you're a piece of is significant. In a collectivist culture, things like dynamic frequently occur inside a family, and more youthful individuals look to and regard the exhortation of older folks.

Characteristics of Collectivism

• Every individual is urged to be a functioning player in the public eye, to do what is best for society all in all instead of themselves.
• The privileges of families, networks, and the aggregate supplant those of the person.
• Rules advance solidarity, fraternity, and benevolence.
• Working with others and participating in the standard; everybody underpins one another.
• As a network, family or country more than as a person
• Solid strong gathering

Korea is a genuine case of a collectivist culture. In Korean culture, the more distant family is critical, and reliability is a significant component of this. Individuals are faithful to their families and individual individuals and individuals feel a feeling of commitment to their close family, however to Korean culture on the loose.

Disgrace is likewise a piece of the collectivist culture in Korea. By this, we imply that if an individual from this general public commits an error, he feels that he's let down the entire society as opposed to himself or a couple of close relatives. As a rule, nations in Asia are to a great extent collectivists in their directions. Japan and China are extra instances of collectivist cultures.

Tight or Loose Culture:

Tight cultures, as characterized by Gelfand in her book, "Rule Makers, Rule Breakers: How Tight and Loose Cultures Wire Our World," are those in which accepted practices are obviously characterized and dependably forced, practically ruling out individual act of spontaneity and understanding. Instances of nations with tight cultures incorporate China, France, India, Japan, and Singapore.

Loose cultures are those in which accepted practices are adaptable and casual. They propose desires however license people to characterize the scope of passable conduct inside which they may practice their own inclinations. Along these lines, authorization in loose cultures is left to relational systems. Instances of nations with loose cultures incorporate Australia, Belgium, Israel, New Zealand, and the United States.

In these intercultural circumstances, the onus is on those from loose cultures to step up to the plate and manufacture trust with those from tight cultures. It is a serious mix-up to simply accept that trust implies something very similar in various nations. Here are a few rules:

• Comprehend the significance of trust: Trust in a tight culture is generally expected (unknowingly) inside accepted practices and is frequently firmly connected with more distant family commitments and connections. It is important to transparently talk about this with an expected accomplice and endeavor to comprehend this profound significance. Transparently examining this at the start will put trust as a business issue to be created.
• Explain desires: Many occasions, trust separates when potential accomplices accept their desires were not met and become frustrated and even dubious of one another. In imparting desires effectively across dialects and cultures, it isn't what you state, yet what the audience hears. It assists with investing energy fixing desires at the beginning. Have the accomplice rehash your desires and you theirs to guarantee consistency.
• Make straightforwardness: An elevated level of trust can be imparted when data is shared on a convenient premise and each accomplice accepts the other isn't concealing anything. At the point when some data can't be completely shared on account of security issues, exclusive information, or another real explanation, this ought not be covered up, yet clarified.
• Practice responsibility: Trust can be lost and hard to recover if the accomplices don't convey on what was settled upon and on guarantees made. These ought to be done cautiously and just with a significant level of certainty that they can be met.