Question

1. The ­­­­­_____ of the kidney is segregated into triangular regions with a striped appearance.

1. cortex
2. ureters
3. medulla

2. The ________ urethral sphincter consists of skeletal muscle and is voluntarily controlled.

1. inferior
2. internal
3. external

3. The ____ performs the excretory and homeostatic functions of the urinary system.

1. kidneys
2. ureters
3. all of the above

4. This knot of coiled capillaries, found in the kidneys, forms the filtrate. It is the:

1. arterioles
2. glomerulus
3. tubule

5. The Urinary system consists of the following except:

1. Paired kidneys
2. Urethra
3. Vesicle

6. The physiological units of the kidneys are called

1. glomeruli
2. capsules
3. nephrons

7. The endocrine products of the ovaries are:

1. prolactin and estrogen
2. progesterone and testosterone
3. estrogen and progesterone

8. The paired oval testes lie in the _____ outside the abdominopelvic cavity, where they are kept slightly cooler than body temperature.

1. prepuce
2. prostate
3. scro tum

9. The ________ is the muscular passageway conveying sperm to the ejaculatory duct; in the spermatic cord.

1. prostatic urethra
2. ductus (vas) deferens
3. epididymis

10. The essential organs of reproduction are the ____, which produces the sex cells.

1. gonads
2. seminal glands
3. uterus

Answer 1

Answer:

Answer 1. Option C; medulla

Explanation: Each human kidney is divided into two regions; the outer is the cortex while the inner is the medulla. The inner medullary region is divided into conical pyramids; called as the renal pyramids. Their number ranges from 7-8 in each kidney. From these renal pyramids arises the hilus which carries the ureters, renal arteries and the renal veins.

Answer 2. Option C; external urethral sphincter muscle

Explanation: Urethra is having two sphincters. While the internal urethral sphincter is made of the involuntary muscles such that the passage of urine initially is not under our will; the external urethral sphincter is made of the voluntary muscles and thus the passage of urine from the body is permitted with the human will. That is to some extent micturition is under the control of the human will.

Answer 3. Kidneys

Explanation: Kidneys are the major excretory structures present in the human body. They help in the process of urine formation and also help in osmoregulation by maintaining the internal body temperature constant with respect to the external surroundings. They do this by concentrating the urine formed and returning the extra amount of water back to the body.

Answer 4. Glomerulus

Explanation: Kidneys re the major excretory structures present in the human body. Each kidney is made of the structural and functional components called as the nephrons. Each nephron is made of two parts/divisions; namely the renal corpuscle and the renal tubule.

Within each renal corpuscle lies a glomerulus and the bowman’s capsule. While glomerulus is a tuft/network of capillaries which helps in filtering of the blood brought by the renal arterioles; the bowman’s capsule provides support to the glomerulus by holding them and keeping them in a proper place.

Answer 5. Vesicle

Explanation: The human excretory system comprises of the components namely; a pair of kidneys, a pair of ureters, a urinary bladder, and a urethra.

While kidneys are concerned with the process of urine formation, ureters carries the urine away from the kidneys, a urinary bladder stores the urine and then the urine gets passed out of the body by the urethra.

Answer 6. Nephrons

Explanation: Nephron is the structural, functional, and fundamental units of the kidney. Each kidney has around 1 million nephron. The nephron has two divisions; the renal corpuscle and the renal tubule. Put together, these structures are concerned with the process of urine formation in the human body.

Answer 7. Estrogen and progesterone

Explanation: Estrogen and progesterone are the two female hormones which get released by the ovaries. These two hormones play a very important role in maintaining and regulating the reproductive events in the human females.

While estrogen is responsible for maintaining and regulating the secondary sexual characteristics in females like development of mammary glands, development of pubic hairs; the progesterone is considered to be pregnancy hormone. The hormone is known to maintain the pregnancy and also regulates the menstrual cycle.

Answer 8. Option C

Explanation: It is a single, unpaired sac like structure which holds the testes in the extra abdominal regions. The reason the testes are present there is that they receive a temperature of 2-3 degrees lower than the remaining normal body temperature which is required for the spermatogenesis.

Answer 9. Ductus (vas) deferens

Explanation: A pair of vas deferens is the ciliated channels which help in the transportation of the spermatozoa from the epididymis to the ejaculatory duct which is formed after the association with different glands like prostate gland, a pair of seminal vesicles, and a pair of cowper’s gland.

Epdididymis on the other hand is a structure which remains associated with the storage of the sperms. And the prostatic urethra is the part of the urethra which is located around the prostate gland and is used in the passage of the spermatozoa.

Answer 10. Gonads

Explanation: Gonads are the major sex organs in the human reproductive system which is concerned with the processes of gametogenesis; that is spermatogenesis in males and oogenesis in females.

While the seminal vesicles (present in the male reproductive system) are concerned with the release of the seminal plasma and also in terms of secreting and releasing fructose which is the major energy source; the uterus (present in the female reproductive system) are known to help undergo the 28 days monthly cycle as well as helps in the implantation of the fetus.