Question

In: Anatomy and Physiology

Which of the following is a type of cardiovascular disease? -diabetes -hypertension -coronary artery disease -all...

Which of the following is a type of cardiovascular disease?

-diabetes

-hypertension

-coronary artery disease

-all of the above

Which of the following daily dietary choices would be most effective in lowering blood pressure?

-Reducing table salt use, drinking more water, and eliminating trans fat

-Adding peanut butter to at least one meal, trimming visible fat from all meat, and adding fruit as a dessert

-Eating salad for lunch, choosing decaffeinated instead of caffeinated coffee, and avoiding sweets

-Consuming 3 servings of low fat dairy, eating 10 servings of fruits and vegetables, and restricting sodium to 2 g/day

Reducing dietary cholesterol reduces blood LDL cholesterol levels.

-true

-false

A patient increases soluble fiber consumption and asks you to assess if there has been a reduction in his cardiovascular risk by conducting a blood test. Which blood test would most likely reveal an effect of soluble fiber?

-Assessment of blood clotting (INR)

-Hemoglobin A1C

-Fasting glucose

-Lipoprotein concentrations

Expert Solution

Ans1. All of the above

Cardiovascular diseases refers to diseases of heart and blood vessels. Hypertension which is high blood pressure that is, when flow of blood exceeds the normal range , affects the blood vessels and thus functions of organs too. Diabetes is a cardiovascular disease as high blood glucose can damage the blood vessels and the nerves that control the heart and blood vessels. The longer time the person is having diabetes, chances of heart disease increases.

Coronary artery disease occurs when the major blood vessels that supply the heart i.e. coronary arteries gets damaged. Thus occurs due to cholestrol containing deposits in the arteries and inflammation occurs.

Ans-2.- Consuming 3 servings of low fat dairy , eating 10 servings of fruits and vegetables and restricting sodium to 2g/ day.

The DASH diet encourages to reduce sodium in the diet. It emphasizes lots of fruits and vegetables and low fat dairy products, and moderate amount of whole grains, fish poultry and nuts. According to this, there should be 4 to 5 servings of vegetables and fruits, 2-3 servings of low fat dairy and reduce sodium to 2000 mg/ day. So last one will be the most effective.

Ans-3. True

Increase in cholestrol levels in blood can lead to risk of cardiovascular diseases. Reducing food high in cholestrol like saturated fats, trans fats can reduce the level of LDL cholesterol - the bad cholesterol and this prevents the risk of diseases.

Ans-4. Lipoprotein concentrations

Intake of dietary fibres reduces the risk of cardiovascular diseases by lowering the cholestrol. Soluble fibres can reduce both bad LDL and overall cholestrol, thus lipoprotein concentrations can show the difference.

Sydney Mullin answered 1 year ago

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