Question

Task 1:

Which one is more superficial? A or B? Answer:
1. A. Rectus femoris OR B. Sartorius ______
2. A. Gastrocnemius OR B. Soleus ______
3. A. Internal oblique OR B. Rectus abdominis ______
4. A. Flexor digitorum superficialis OR B. Flexor digitorum profundus ______
5. A. Biceps brachii OR B. Brachialis ______
6. A. Pronator teres OR B. Supinator ______
7. A. Masseter OR B. Buccinator ______
8. A. External intercostal OR B. Internal intercostal ______
9. A. Trapezius OR B. Rhomboid minor ______
10. A. Depressor labii inferioris OR B. Mentalis

11. A. Masseter OR B. Medial pterygoid _____

12. A. Sternocleidomastoid OR B. Platysma ______

13. A. Posterior scalene muscles OR B. Trapezius ______
14. A. Trapezius OR B. Omohyoid ______
15. A. Erector spinae OR B. Serratus posterior ______
16. A. Semispinalis capitis OR B. Splenius capitis ______
17. A. Pectoralis major OR B. Pectoralis minor ______
18. A. Serratus anterior OR B. External intercostal ______
19. A. Quadratus femoris OR B. Gluteus maximus ______
20. A. Extensor digitorum longus OR B. Tibialis anterior____

Task 2. – Organizational patterns and shapes of skeletal muscle fibers

Provide an example for each pattern/shape.

1. Circular
__________________________________________________________
2. Unipennate
__________________________________________________________
3. Bipennate
__________________________________________________________
4. Multipennate
__________________________________________________________
5. Parallel
__________________________________________________________
6. Convergent
__________________________________________________________
7. Fusiform
__________________________________________________________
8. “Triangular”
__________________________________________________________
9. Trapezoid
__________________________________________________________
10. Diamond-shaped
__________________________________________________________

Task 3. – Naming based on location (body region), action, origin and insertion, size, shape, and orientation of muscle fibers
Provide an example for each naming.
1. Body region
__________________________________________________________
2. Action
__________________________________________________________
3. Size
__________________________________________________________
4. Shape
__________________________________________________________
5. Orientation of fibers
__________________________________________________________

Task 4. – List the muscles of….
1. Facial expression (18): number in parenthesis means the number of muscles I am looking for (order is irrelevant)
1. __________________________________________________________
2. __________________________________________________________
3. __________________________________________________________
4. __________________________________________________________
5. __________________________________________________________
6. __________________________________________________________
7. __________________________________________________________
8. __________________________________________________________
9. __________________________________________________________
10. __________________________________________________________
11. __________________________________________________________
12. __________________________________________________________
13. __________________________________________________________
14. __________________________________________________________
15. __________________________________________________________
16. __________________________________________________________
17. __________________________________________________________
18. __________________________________________________________

Answer 1

Which one is more superficial?

1. A. Rectus femoris OR B. Sartorius. ___Satrorius is the most superficial. travels obliquely from the anterior superior iliac spine (ASIS) to the medial side of the proximal tibia
2. A. Gastrocnemius OR B. Soleus. ___. The soleus muscle, located deep/anterior to the medial and lateral gastrocnemius muscle heads
3. A. Internal oblique OR B. Rectus abdominis. ___ Internal oblique is deeper to external oblique and rectus.
4. A. Flexor digitorum superficialis OR B. Flexor digitorum profundus ____Flexor digitorum profundus lies deep to the superficialis.
5. A. Biceps brachii OR B. Brachialis ______ The brachialis muscle lies deep to the biceps brachii, and is found more distally than the other muscles of the arm
6. A. Pronator teres OR B. Supinator ______ The pronator teres is superficial and supinator lies depeer to it.
7. A. Masseter OR B. Buccinator ______ The masseter is the most superficial muscle of mastication.
8. A. External intercostal OR B. Internal intercostal ______ The internal intercostal muscles form the deeper layer
9. A. Trapezius OR B. Rhomboid minor ______ Rhomboid minor lies deep to trapezius but superficial to the long spinal muscles.
10. A. Depressor labii inferioris OR B. Mentalis __ Superolateral portion of DLI partially covers the mentalis muscle.

11. A. Masseter OR B. Medial pterygoid _____Masseter is the most superficial muscle of mastication.

12. A. Sternocleidomastoid OR B. Platysma ______ Platysma overlaps the Sternocleidomastoid

13. A. Posterior scalene muscles OR B. Trapezius ______ The posterior scalene muscle is more superficial when compared to the posterior scalene.
14. A. Trapezius OR B. Omohyoid ______ The trapezius is superficial to omohyoid.
15. A. Erector spinae OR B. Serratus posterior ______ The serratus posterior is superficial to the erector spinae.
16. A. Semispinalis capitis OR B. Splenius capitis ______ The semispinalis capitis is situated at the upper and back part of the neck, deep to the splenius
17. A. Pectoralis major OR B. Pectoralis minor ______ The pectoralis minor muscle lies deeper to the Pectoralis major
18. A. Serratus anterior OR B. External intercostal ______ Serratus anterior originates on the surface of the 1st to 8th ribs at the side of the chest. External intercostal lie deep to it.
19. A. Quadratus femoris OR B. Gluteus maximus ______ Most superficial muscle of the gluteal region.
20. A. Extensor digitorum longus OR B. Tibialis anterior____ The extensor digitorum longus lies lateral and deep to the tibialis anterior

1. Circular	The orbicularis oris muscle is a circular muscle that goes around the mouth. When it contracts, the oral opening becomes smaller,
2. Unipennate	Lumbricals. They simultaneously flex the metacarpophalangeal joints while extending both interphalangeal joints of the digit on which it inserts
3. Bipennate	The biceps brachii is a bipennate muscle with two heads of origin
4. Multipennate	Deltoid. Multipennate muscles have multiple rows of diagonal fibre
5. Parallel	Sartorius. Muscle fibres are parallel to each other
6. Convergent	pectoralis major. It converges on the greater tubercle of the humerus via a tendon
7. Fusiform	Biceps brachii. A muscle that has a shape of spindle,
8. “Triangular”	Deltoid
9. Trapezoid	Trapezius
10. Diamond-shaped	The two trapezius muscles of the left and right side

Naming based on location (body region), action, origin and insertion, size, shape, and orientation of muscle fibers

1. Body region	Pectoralis major - located in the pectoral region (anterior chest wall)
2. Action	Supinator -supinate the forearm.
3. Size	Gluteus maximus - largest muscle in the gluteal region
4. Shape	Trapezius - shaped like a trapezium
5. Orientation of fibers	Rectus abdominis - the fibres are straight

Muscles of Facial expression

These muscles are subcutaneous. The muscles of the face develop from the pharyngeal arch mesoderm. These muscles are mostly innervated by the facial nerve (cranial nerve VII).

1. Risorius
2. Zygomaticus major muscle
3. Zygomaticus minor muscle
4. Levator labii superioris
5. Levator labii superioris alaeque nasi muscle
6. Depressor labii inferioris muscle
7. Levator anguli oris
8. Mentalis
9. Orbicularis oris muscle
10. Depressor anguli oris muscle
11. Occipitofrontalis muscle
12. Temporoparietalis muscle
13. Procerus muscle
14. Nasalis muscle
15. Depressor septi nasi muscle
16. Orbicularis oculi muscle
17. Corrugator supercilii muscle
18. Depressor supercilii muscle