Question

1.During renal autoregulation, the myogenic feedback system functions to:(Choose the best answer)

a) regulate renin secretion to impact blood pressure

b) increase glomerular filtration rate by dilating the efferent arteriole

c) regulate CHP and BCOP in relation to GBHP

d) alter glomerular filtration rate by altering the diameter of the afferent arteriole

e) decrease glomerular filtration rate by constricting the efferent arteriole

2.All are true of the kidneys except:(Choose the best answer)

a. They are located behind the peritoneum, thus retroperitoneally.

b. The right kidney is slightly lower than the left b/c it sits under the liver

c. They are surrounded and and held in place by connective tissue and fat.

d. They produce some regulatory hormones in addition to creating urine.

e. They receive blood from the hepatic portal system and hepatic artery.

3.. _______________ favors filtration and is therefore directly proportional to glomerular filtration rate (GFR).(Choose the best answer)

a. Glomerular blood hydrostatic pressure (GBHP)

b. Capsular hydrostatic pressure (CHP)

c. Blood colloid osmotic pressure (BCOP)

d. Systolic blood pressure

e. Diastolic blood pressure

4.. Nephrons with long loops and corpuscles deep in the cortex, which are most important in regulating water balance are:(Choose the best answer)

a. juxtaglomerular nephrons

b. cortical nephrons

c. corticotropic nephrons

d. juxtamedullary nephrons

e. Bowman's nephrons

5.Pressure which opposes glomerular filtration and results from fluid present in the capsule space of the tubule; amounts to about 18 mmHg.(Choose the best answer)

a. Systolic capsular pressure (SCP)

b. Capsular hydrostatic pressure (CHP)

c. Blood colloid osmotic pressure (BCOP)

d. Glomerular blood hydrostatic pressure (GBHP)

e. Hydrostatic intracapsular pressure (HIP)

Answer 1

1)ANSWER IS OPTION D- alter glomerular filtration rate by altering the diameter of the afferent arteriole

The ability of the kidney to maintain relatively constant blood flow, glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and glomerular capillary pressure is mediated by the myogenic response of afferent arterioles working in concert with tubuloglomerular feedback that adjusts the tone of the afferent arteriole in response to changes in the delivery of sodium chloride to the macula densa.

The myogenic mechanism is how arteries and arterioles react to an increase or decrease of blood pressure to keep the blood flow within the blood vessel constant.

2) ANSWER IS OPTION E -They receive blood from the hepatic portal system and hepatic artery.

The renal artery branches off from the lower part of the aorta and provides the blood supply to the kidneys. Renal veins take blood away from the kidneys into the inferior vena cava.

3)ANSWER IS OPTION A - Glomerular blood hydrostatic pressure (GBHP)

Increases in the glomerular capillary hydrostatic pressure cause increases in net filtration pressure and GFR. However, increases in capsular space hydrostatic pressure causes decreases in filtration pressure and GFR

4)ANSWER IS OPTION D - juxtamedullary nephrons

Cortical nephrons have a short loop of Henle, which penetrates only the outer renal medulla. Juxtamedullary nephrons have a long loop of Henle extending deep into the renal medulla.The long loop of Henle of the juxtamedullary nephrons is surrounded by a large vasa recta network

main function is absorption of water and concentrating the urine.

5) Capsular hydrostatic pressure (CHP)

increased Bowman's capsule hydrostatic pressure will decrease GFR, while decreased Bowman's capsule hydrostatic pressure will increase GFR.