In: Biology
1. Meat, eggs, and dairy are good sources of protein. When you eat these foods, proteins are digested and absorbed. Follow a protein through the digestion process from the mouth through to the intestines. What enzymes are involved in its digestion? What is the smallest unit that proteins are broken down into? Where are these products absorbed?
2. What are a few things proteins are used for in the body once they’ve been absorbed?
3. Once in the body, amino acids are absorbed by our cells and enter the amino acid pool. From here, a cell will draw from the pool to assemble the proteins it needs at that specific time. What will happen if one or more of the essential amino acids are missing?
4. Describe (in your own words) the four structural levels of a protein.
5. What is the relationship between a protein’s structure and its function? Explain how amino acids side chains impact protein structure and function.
6. DNA guides protein assembly. When there is a mutation in our DNA, the impact on the protein can vary. Explain why some mutations can cause no change to the protein and some can completely disrupt the function of the protein.
7. Your body prefers not to use proteins for energy, but it will as a last resort. Explain how amino acids are broken down to generate ATP in this scenario.
8. What happens to the nitrogen portion of the amino acid?
9. Your doctor measures your nitrogen balance and finds it is negative. What does this mean about how your body is using protein? How can you balance out your nitrogen levels?
10. If you decided to become a vegetarian or vegan, how would you ensure you were eating adequate protein? Think about not just the amount, but also the essential amino acids.
11. The RDA for protein is listed below. Calculate your own personal protein requirements and show your work for full credit. You will need to convert your weight to kg. There are 2.2 lbs in 1 kg.
Ex: a 50 kg adult would need 50 kg*0.8 g/kg = 40 g protein per day