Write the formulas and provide the associated name for each formula for the four acids that...

Write the formulas and provide the associated name for each formula for the four acids that contain oxyanions of bromine.

Solutions

Expert Solution

To name oxyacids, you must first be able to recognize them by the general formula HaXbOc, with X representing an element other than hydrogen or oxygen. It will also be useful for you to know the names of the polyatomic oxyanions, because many oxyacid names are derived from them. If enough H+ ions are added to a (root)ate polyatomic ion to completely neutralize its charge, the (root)ic acid is formed. (See the table below.)

If one H+ ion is added to nitrate, NO3-, nitric acid, HNO3, is formed.

If two H+ ions are added to sulfate, SO42-, sulfuric acid, H2SO4, is formed.

If three H+ ions are added to phosphate, PO43-, phosphoric acid, H3PO4, is formed.

Note that the whole name for sulfur, not just the root, sulf-, is found in the name sulfuric acid. Similarly, although the usual root for phosphorus is phosph-, phosphor- is used in its place for oxyacids, such as phosphoric acid, that contain phosphorus.

Relationship	General name	Example name	Example formula
one more oxygen atom than (root)ic	per(root)ic acid	perchloric acid	HClO4
	(root)ic acid	chloric acid	HClO3
one less oxygen atom than (root)ic	(root)ous acid	chlorous acid	HClO2
two less oxygen atoms than (root)ic	(root)ic acid	chloric acid	HClO

Formulas for Oxyacids:

The first step in writing a name from a chemical formula is to decide which type of compound the formula represents. All three of these formulas represent oxyacids.

The name for IO3- is iodate, so HIO3 is iodic acid.

HIO has two fewer oxygen atoms than iodic acid, so it is hypoiodous acid.

The name of the oxyanion C2H3O2- is acetate, so HC2H3O2 is acetic acid. CH3CO2H and CH3COOH are also commonly used as formulas for acetic acid.

queen_honey_blossom answered 1 year ago

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