Which of the following would diffuse across the membrane of its target cell? a.Epinephrine b.Thyroid Stimulating...

Which of the following would diffuse across the membrane of its target cell?

a.Epinephrine

b.Thyroid Stimulating Hormone

c.Tri-iodothyronine

d.Melanocyte Stimulating Hormone

2.Which of the following hormones would bind a receptor on the exterior surface of its target cell?

a,aldosterone

b.tri-iodothyronine

c.glucagon

d calcitriol

Oxytocin

Expert Solution

1.C. Tri-idothyronine

Epinephrine - monoamine, it uses cell membrane receptor (adrenergic receptors)
TSH - peptide
Tri-idothyronine - amino acid, it diffuses through cell membrane and act by activating/inhibiting transcription.
Melanocyte stimulating hormone - peptide

2. Glucagon and oxytocin

Glucagon - peptide
Oxytocin - peptide
Calcitriol - steroid
Aldosterone - steroid

Explanation

Receptors can be of two type - membrane bound and intracellular
Substance/hormones that can not cross membrane act on membrane bound receptor.
Hormone that can cross membrane act on intracellular receptor.
Steroid are lipophilic (lipid loving) in nature and therefore they are able to cross membrane freely. Steroid hormones therefore act on intracellular receptor.
Protein/polysaccharide are hydrophilic (water loving) and therefore they can't cross membrane. Therefore peptide and polysaccharide hormones act on membrane bound receptor.
Exception - Thyroid hormones (T3 and T4) act on intracellular receptor.

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