Question

the paper "Unlikely Allies" by Amanda Keener. It was published in The Scientist, November 2016, page 32. The Scientist is a free-access publication which can be found at www.the-scientist.com.

a) Is the immune system friend or foe to the brain? What is your opinion after having read the assigned paper?

b) What is/are the role(s) of the immune system in the body?

c) What is the role(s) of memory T cells? What is the relation between them and CD4+? Maybe the figure on page 35 can help answer this question.

d) What is the role of the immune system in fighting neurodegenerative disease?

Answer 1

while we talk about our “immune system” we're describing a wonderfully complicated network of organs, cells and molecules that guard us from infection and disease.
when your immune system is working because it ought to, it recognises odd cells, harmful “insects” (infectious organisms which can reason disease) and destroys them. “bugs” include some thing that can purpose an contamination, which includes micro organism, viruses or parasites.The immune gadget has additionally advanced to recognise and smash cancer cells.
Our immune systems have advanced over a long time frame, adapting in a by no means-ending arms-race towards infections and odd cells. a part of this evolution has been inside the manner that immune cells understand that something is incorrect. The simpler cells of our immune system robotically comprehend invading bacteria, but to locate viruses and cancer cells the maximum specialized cells of the immune machine, the B and T lymphocytes have developed methods to research and realise new targets.
it's miles the immune system’s duty to differentiate among beneficial and dangerous micro organism. thanks to thousands and thousands of years of people and bacteria evolving in tandem, numerous bacterial species perform beneficial roles within the human frame, and the immune system has to understand while to go away them by myself. In a new study from the big apple college, scientists investigate the mechanism behind the immune gadget’s choice procedure and the effects that occur whilst the wrong preference is made.
The lifestyles of pathobionts makes subjects worse, due to the fact the immune device has to study both the basics of telling friend from foe and to understand while a bacterial species that is usually a friend is becoming a foe.If unsuccessful, the immune gadget should either mount an unwarranted immune response that damages the body’s own cells and tissues rather than invading pathogens or fail to reply to a dangerous infection, leaving cells and tissues susceptible.
The immune device is a number protection gadget comprising many biological structures and tactics inside an organism that protects in opposition to sickness. To feature well, an immune system need to locate a huge kind of retailers, known as pathogens, from viruses to parasitic worms, and distinguish them from the organism's
CD4+T cells at the side of CD8+T cells make up most people of T-lymphocytes. CD4+T cells after being activated and differentiated into wonderful effector subtypes play a primary role in mediating immune reaction via the secretion of particular cytokines. The CD4+T cells perform multiple features, ranging from activation of the cells of the innate immune gadget, B-lymphocytes, cytotoxic T cells, as well as nonimmune cells, and also play crucial position within the suppression of immune reaction
Neurodegenerative disorder is a innovative loss of neurons from the CNS, related to a deficit within the function of the affected area. cell death throughout neurodegeneration may be either via apoptosis or necrosis or each.diverse conditions had been advised for the neurodegeneration of the CNS together with getting older, infection, stress and trauma and genetic predisposition.