Explain the sympathetic and parasympathetic regulation of heart function..

Expert Solution

Sympathetic regulation of heart function:

Sympathetic Nervous system has a stimulatory effect on heart.It acts through the neurotransmitter- catecholamines ( mainly nor-epinephrine).

Receptors: It has Beta-1 receptors present in heart.These are G protein coupled receptors. When catecholamines stimulates these receptors, there is an increase in cyclic AMP which opens calcium channels. Increase in calcium channels show following effects on heart:

Increases heart rate
Increases AV conduction
Force of contraction
Increased cardiac output

Also Beta-2 receptors increases the contraction of cardiac muscles.

Parasympathetic regulation of heart function:

Parasympathetic Nervous system has an inhibitory effect on heart. It acts through neurotransmitter- acetylcholine .

Receptor-this acetylcholine acts on muscarinic receptors of subtype M2.These are also G protein coupled receptors.

Effects:

on SA node- will result in decrease in heart rate
On AV node- will decrease AV conduction

Thus it has an overall inhibitory effect on heart function.

Sydney Mullin answered 1 year ago

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