Guardian intestinalis and Trichomonas vaginalis lack mitochondria. How is each transmitted, what does each cause,and how...

Guardian intestinalis and Trichomonas vaginalis lack mitochondria. How is each transmitted, what does each cause,and how does the organisms obtain energy without mitochondria

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Giardia intestinalis - is a parasite of the small intestine. Transmission of the parasite is through ingestion of dormant cysts in contaminated water or food or by the fecal - oral route. The cyst can is present in contaminated wells, water systems, stagnant water sources, feces contaminated soil, food and water and zoonotic transmission is also possible. Also called as Giardia lamblia, the parasite causes giardiasis.
Trichomonas vaginalis - is also a parasite that is transmitted sexually and through skin contact with infected area. The disease caused by this parasite is known as trichomoniasis.
Both parasites lack mitochondria and hence lack the mechanism of oxidative phosphorylation to produce energy. They are able to maintain energy balance by using small amount of enzymes to provide energy by converting glucose to glycerol and succinate by glycolysis in the cytoplasm. Then pyruvate and malate is further converted to hydrogen and acetate. Both parasites obtain nutrients by phagocytosis within the host.

gladiator answered 1 year ago

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