describe how an enzyme interacts with its substrate. define active site

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Expert Solution

Enzymes are bio-catalyst which interacts with a substrate and catalyzes a chemical reaction to form a product, without itself undergoing any change.

An enzyme interacts with a substrate at the active site of the enzyme. Active site: an active site is that site in an enzyme where a substrate comes and attaches itself forming Enzyme-substrate complex and a chemical reaction is carried out.

Whenever a suitable substrate comes in the vicinity of an enzyme,it comes and attaches at the active site of enzyme.There are two theories which explain the interaction of a substrate and an enzyme:

Lock and key hypothesis: according to this theory,a substrate with a shape compatible to that of the active site come and attaches with active site and reaction is catalyzed.
Induced fit theory: according to this,shapes of active site and substrate are not perfectly alike.Substrate bind to active site and causes conformational changes in the enzyme and then reaction is carried out.

After the reaction is catalyzed, a product-enzyme complex is formed and product is released. Enzyme is ready to be used again.

Sydney Mullin answered 1 year ago

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