Question

Article 1: Button, D. M., & Worthen, M. G. (2014). General Strain Theory for LGBQ and SSB Youth The Importance of Intersectionality in the Future of Feminist Criminology. Feminist Criminology, 9(4), 270-297.

1) In table 1, the authors present the results of two different chi-square tests (ignore Age). Answer the following questions:

a. What relationship is being tested in the first chi-square test? [1pt]

b. What relationship is being tested in the second chi-square test? [1pt]

c. How would you define the first chi-square test (e.g., 2x2, 2x3, etc.)? [1pt]

d. How would you define the second chi-square test (e.g., 2x2, 2x3, etc.)? [1pt]

e. Interpret the results of both chi-square tests. In other words, did they find significant relationships between variables? Which relationships are significant, if any?

Answer 1

two non-parametric hypothesis tests using the chi-square statistic

(a) The first type of chi square test is the goodness of fit test- This is a test which makes a statement or claim concerning the nature of the distribution for the whole population. The data in the sample is examined in order to see whether this distribution is consistent with the hypothesized distribution of the population or not.

One way in which the chi square goodness of fit test can be used is to examine how closely a sample matches a population. the chi square goodness of fit test can be used to provide a test for the representativeness of a sample.

(b)The second type of chi square test which will be examined is the chi square test for independence of two variables- This test begins with a cross classification table. There these tables were used to illustrate conditional probabilities, and the independence or dependence of particular events.

chi-square = ?2 =   ? (fo – fe)2 /   fe

•When both variables in the chi-square test for independence consist of exactly two categories (the data form a 2x2 matrix), it is possible to re-code the categories as 0 and 1 for each variable and then compute a correlation known as a phi-coefficient that measures the strength of the relationship.

A signficant Chi-square test would be similar to concluding a difference in the two proportions. The benefit of the two-proportion test is that we can calculate a confidence interval for this difference to generate an estimate of just how large the difference might be.