Question

It is time to compare and contrast ionotropic and metabotropic receptor mechanisms! First, describe how each type of receptor works. Next, list the differences between the two types of receptors. Then, give an example of a neurotransmitter system that uses an ionotropic receptor to facilitate hyperpolarization, and describe how this works. Finally, name at least one type of sedative drug that binds to this receptor.

Answer 1

Ans. - Ionotropic and metabotropic receptors are both ligand-gated transmembrane proteins.

Ionotropic receptors change shape when they are bound by a ligand. This change in shape creates a channel that allows ions to flow through, but Metabotropic receptors do not have channels.

Ionotropic receptors act very quickly. As soon as a ligand binds to them, they change shape and allow ions to flow in. But Metabotropic receptors, on the other hand, take a little longer “to do anything” depending on the number of steps (secondary messengers), required to produce a response.

ionotropic receptor bind to the ligand via channel but metabotropic move via channel dependent or intervening steps.

Ionotrpic receptor has quicker action than metabotropic receptor.

Example of a neurotransmitter system that uses an ionotropic receptor to facilitate hyperpolarization is Gamma-aminobutyric acid(GABA).

it is an is an inhibitory neurotransmitter.

The binding of GABA to postsynaptic GABA receptors opens a chloride-selective ion pore that is an integral component of the multimeric receptor complex.

The resulting chloride flux across the cell membrane inhibits the postsynaptic neuron, GABA receptors are a primary target for several neuroactive drugs including barbiturates, steroids, general anesthetics, and benzodiazepines (BZ).

Sedative drugs that binds to ionotropic receptor is amobarbital (Amytal); butabarbital (Butisol), generally barbiturates.

If you have any doubt then mention in comment.