Even though both mammals, squid, and earthworms have closed circulatory systems, the systems themselves are quite...

Even though both mammals, squid, and earthworms have closed circulatory systems, the systems themselves are quite different; this supports the concept of UNITY and DIVERSITY. Describe the unity and diversity across these three types of closed circulatory systems.

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Expert Solution

Unity: Squids belong to the group of mollucks (invertebrate) , frogs belongs to the group of amphibans and mammals is yet another group of organisms (vertibrates). All 3 of them have a closed circulatory syatem which is feature of vertebrata. Have developed artial blood flow system. And all 3 of them have blood flow directed in two circuits.

In squids, frog and mammals both the blood flow is directed in two circuits: However in frog and mammals these are: one is pulmonary circulation i.e from heart to the lungs and back to the heart, and the other systemic circulation i.e throughout the rest of the body and its organs including the brain. In frog, gas exchange also occurs through the skin during pulmonary circulation and is referred to as pulmocutaneous circulation.

Diversity: Squid have two branchial and one systemic heart. The blood is pumped to the gills where oxygen is taken up through branchial heart. Blood then flows to the systemic heart, from where it is pumped to the rest of the body. The systemic heart is composed of one ventricle and two auricles.

Frogs have a three-chambered heart that has two atria and one ventricle with partial mixing of blood

Mammals have afour chabered heart with two atria and two ventricles.with no mixing of blood

gladiator answered 1 year ago

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