Question

List and explain the 3 mechanisms that are related with activation of a protooncogene into an oncogene.

b. Discuss the importance of oncogenes in tumorigenesis.

Answer 1

Qn.b.

Proto-oncogenes are normal Genes which helps a cell to grow in a regulated manner. When these proto-oncogene mutates they become Oncogene.Oncogenes are bad genes , they are permanently activated or turned on due to mutation. They have the potential to cause cancer.  

Tumorigenesis is the formation of cancer , uncontrolled proliferation of normal cells. In a normal cell proto-oncogenes promotes cell growth while tumor suppressor Genes halt the cell from division and repair DNA damage. Due to several mutation, a cell losses its regulation in cell cycle and the cell proliferate uncontrollably.

Oncogenes promotes tumorigenesis or uncontrolled cell proliferation. They can produce several hormones which leads to cell division. It can also produce several mitogens which promotes DNA transcription. So the cell starts to produce several other enzymes and proteins which also promotes Tumorigenesis.